E-nasals-pt

This chapter in the Latin American edition: Chapter 4b.7

424 cognate pairs

/n, ɲ/⟨n, nh, nn⟩ → /n, ɲ/321 pairs

source

→ /n/⟨n⟩ · 270

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈas.na/	asna	/ˈaʒ.nɐ/	asna	female donkey
/kɾin/	crin	/ˈkɾi.nɐ/	crina	mane
/ˈe.no/	heno	/ˈfe.nu/	feno	hay
/ˈli.no/	lino	/ˈli.ɲu/	linho	flax, linen
/ˈna.ða/	nada	/ˈna.dɐ/	nada	nothing (semantic shift from 'a thing born' via 'res nata' = 'a born thing' = 'something' negativized)
/ˈna.βe/	nave	/ˈna.vɨ/	nave	ship
/ˈni.ðo/	nido	/ˈni.ɲu/	ninho	nest
/ˈnu.βe/	nube	/ˈnu.vɐ̃j/	nuvem	cloud
/ˈnu.ðo/	nudo	/nu/	nu	knot (the 'naked' sense was displaced by 'desnudo' from DISNUDUM)
/ˈpe.na/	pena	/ˈpe.nɐ/	pena	penalty, sorrow
/ˈpi.no/	pino	/ˈpi.ɲu/	pinho	pine tree
/ˈbi.no/	vino	/ˈvi.ɲu/	vinho	wine
/ˈkaɾ.ne/	carne	/ˈkaɾ.nɨ/	carne	meat, flesh
/ˈtʃi.no/	chino	/ˈʃi.nu/	chino	Chinese
/ˈdiɣ.no/	digno	/ˈdig.nu/	digno	worthy
/ga.ˈnaɾ/	ganar	/gɐ.ˈɲaɾ/	ganhar	to gain
/o.ˈnoɾ/	honor	/u.ˈnoɾ/	honor	honor
/ˈoɾ.no/	horno	/ˈfoɾ.nu/	forno	oven
/lu.ˈnaɾ/	lunar	/lu.ˈnaɾ/	lunar	lunar
/ˈmaɣ.na/	magna	/ˈmag.nɐ/	magna	great, magnificent (f.)
/ˈme.nos/	menos	/ˈme.nuʃ/	menos	less
/na.ˈsal/	nasal	/nɐ.ˈzaɫ/	nasal	nasal
/na.ˈtal/	natal	/nɐ.ˈtaɫ/	natal	natal
/na.ˈβal/	naval	/nɐ.ˈvaɫ/	naval	naval
/ne.ˈɣaɾ/	negar	/nɨ.ˈgaɾ/	negar	to deny
/ˈne.ɣɾa/	negra	/ˈne.gɾɐ/	negra	black
/no.ˈtaɾ/	notar	/nu.ˈtaɾ/	notar	to note, notice
/oɾ.ˈnaɾ/	ornar	/uɾ.ˈnaɾ/	ornar	to adorn
/pu.ˈniɾ/	punir	/pu.ˈniɾ/	punir	to punish
/ˈsiɣ.no/	signo	/ˈsig.nu/	signo	sign
/te.ˈnaθ/	tenaz	/tɨ.ˈnaʃ/	tenaz	tenacious
/te.ˈnoɾ/	tenor	/tɨ.ˈnoɾ/	tenor	tenor, content, manner
/ˈtuɾ.no/	turno	/ˈtuɾ.nu/	turno	turn
/ˈu.ni.ka/	única	/ˈu.ni.kɐ/	única	unique, only
/al.ˈpi.na/	alpina	/aɫ.ˈpi.nɐ/	alpina	alpine
/a.ni.ˈmal/	animal	/ɐ.ni.ˈmaɫ/	animal	animal
/aɾ.ˈka.na/	arcana	/ɐɾ.ˈka.nɐ/	arcana	arcane, mysterious (f.)
/bo.ˈβi.na/	bovina	/bu.ˈvi.nɐ/	bovina	bovine
/ka.ˈmi.no/	camino	/kɐ.ˈmi.ɲu/	caminho	road, way, path
/ka.ˈni.na/	canina	/kɐ.ˈni.nɐ/	canina	canine
/kaɾ.ˈnal/	carnal	/kɐɾ.ˈnaɫ/	carnal	carnal
/ko.ˈθi.na/	cocina	/ku.ˈzi.ɲɐ/	cozinha	kitchen
/da.ˈɲi.no/	dañino	/dɐ.ˈni.ɲu/	daninho	harmful
/de.ˈka.na/	decana	/dɨ.ˈka.nɐ/	decana	female dean
/en.ˈθi.na/	encina	/ɐ.ˈzi.ɲɐ/	azinha	holm oak
/es.ˈpi.na/	espina	/iʃ.ˈpi.ɲɐ/	espinha	thorn
/fe.ˈli.na/	felina	/fɨ.ˈli.nɐ/	felina	feline
/fi.ˈni.ða/	finida	/fi.ˈni.dɐ/	finida	finished (rare)
/a.ˈɾi.na/	harina	/fɐ.ˈɾi.ɲɐ/	farinha	flour
/in.ˈsa.na/	insana	/ĩ.ˈsa.nɐ/	insana	insane, mad (f.)
/la.ˈno.so/	lanoso	/lɐ.ˈno.zu/	lanoso	woolly
/la.ˈti.na/	latina	/lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/	latina	Latin
/ma.ˈɾi.na/	marina	/mɐ.ˈɾi.ɲɐ/	marinha	marine (f.)
/mi.ˈnu.to/	minuto	/mi.ˈnu.tu/	minuto	minute
/mo.ˈli.no/	molino	/mu.ˈi.ɲu/	moinho	mill
/mu.ˈɾi.no/	murino	/mu.ˈɾi.nu/	murino	mouse-like
/na.ˈða.ða/	nadada	/nɐ.ˈda.dɐ/	nadada	a swim, swum
/na.ˈraɾ/	narrar	/nɐ.ˈʁaɾ/	narrar	to narrate
/na.ˈtu.ɾa/	natura	/nɐ.ˈtu.ɾɐ/	natura	nature
/ne.ˈɣa.ða/	negada	/nɨ.ˈga.dɐ/	negada	denied (f.)
/noɾ.ˈmal/	normal	/nuɾ.ˈmaɫ/	normal	normal
/no.ˈta.ða/	notada	/nu.ˈta.dɐ/	notada	noted (f.)
/nu.ˈtɾiɾ/	nutrir	/nu.ˈtɾiɾ/	nutrir	to nourish
/ˈni.ti.ða/	nítida	/ˈni.ti.dɐ/	nítida	clear, sharp (f.)
/ˈnu.me.ɾo/	número	/ˈnu.mɨ.ɾu/	número	number
/oɾ.ˈna.ða/	ornada	/uɾ.ˈna.dɐ/	ornada	adorned (f.)
/ˈpa.xi.na/	página	/ˈpa.ʒi.nɐ/	página	page
/pu.ˈni.ða/	punida	/pu.ˈni.dɐ/	punida	punished (f.)
/ro.ˈma.na/	romana	/ʁu.ˈma.nɐ/	romana	Roman (f.)
/se.ˈɾe.na/	serena	/sɨ.ˈɾe.nɐ/	serena	serene, calm (f.)
/be.ˈθi.na/	vecina	/vi.ˈzi.ɲɐ/	vizinha	neighbor
/be.ˈne.no/	veneno	/vɨ.ˈne.nu/	veneno	poison
/be.ˈno.so/	venoso	/vɨ.ˈno.zu/	venoso	veiny
/bi.ˈno.so/	vinoso	/vi.ˈno.zu/	vinoso	vinous, wine-like
/a.ni.ˈmo.so/	animoso	/ɐ.ni.ˈmo.zu/	animoso	spirited, courageous
/a.ɾe.ˈno.so/	arenoso	/ɐ.ɾɨ.ˈno.zu/	arenoso	sandy
/a.si.ˈni.na/	asinina	/ɐ.zi.ˈni.nɐ/	asinina	donkey-like
/ka.mi.ˈnaɾ/	caminar	/kɐ.mi.ˈɲaɾ/	caminhar	to walk, travel
/kaɾ.ˈno.so/	carnoso	/kɐɾ.ˈno.zu/	carnoso	fleshy
/θeɾ.ˈβi.na/	cervina	/sɨɾ.ˈvi.nɐ/	cervina	deer-like
/foɾ.ˈtu.na/	fortuna	/fuɾ.ˈtu.nɐ/	fortuna	fortune, luck
/ga.ˈʎi.na/	gallina	/gɐ.ˈli.ɲɐ/	galinha	hen
/xe.ne.ˈɾal/	general	/ʒɨ.nɨ.ˈɾaɫ/	general	general (adjective/noun)
/le.o.ˈni.na/	leonina	/lɨ.u.ˈni.nɐ/	leonina	lion-like
/mon.ˈta.na/	montana	/mõ.ˈta.nɐ/	montana	mountain (adj, f.)
/na.ˈra.ða/	narrada	/nɐ.ˈʁa.dɐ/	narrada	narrated (f.)
/na.tu.ˈɾal/	natural	/nɐ.tu.ˈɾaɫ/	natural	natural
/ne.ɣa.ˈðoɾ/	negador	/nɨ.gɐ.ˈdoɾ/	negador	denier
/neɾ.ˈβo.so/	nervoso	/nɨɾ.ˈvo.zu/	nervoso	nervous
/no.ta.ˈðoɾ/	notador	/nu.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/	notador	note-taker, observer
/no.ˈta.ɾjo/	notario	/nu.ˈta.ɾju/	notário	notary
/nu.ˈtɾi.ða/	nutrida	/nu.ˈtɾi.dɐ/	nutrida	nourished (f.)
/oɾ.na.ˈðoɾ/	ornador	/uɾ.nɐ.ˈdoɾ/	ornador	adorner, decorator
/pa.ˈðɾi.no/	padrino	/pɐ.ˈdɾi.ɲu/	padrinho	godfather
/pɾo.ˈfa.na/	profana	/pɾu.ˈfa.nɐ/	profana	profane, secular (f.)
/sa.ni.ˈðað/	sanidad	/sɐ.ni.ˈda.dɨ/	sanidade	health, sanitation
/se.na.ˈðoɾ/	senador	/sɨ.nɐ.ˈdoɾ/	senador	senator
/so.ˈβɾi.no/	sobrino	/su.ˈbɾi.ɲu/	sobrinho	nephew
/ta.u.ˈɾi.na/	taurina	/tɐ.u.ˈɾi.nɐ/	taurina	bull-like
/ba.ni.ˈðað/	vanidad	/vɐ.ni.ˈda.dɨ/	vanidade	vanity
/be.na.ˈðoɾ/	venador	/vɨ.nɐ.ˈdoɾ/	venador	hunter
/ka.mi.ˈna.ða/	caminada	/kɐ.mi.ˈɲa.dɐ/	caminhada	walked, traveled (f.)
/dok.ˈtɾi.na/	doctrina	/dow.ˈtɾi.nɐ/	doutrina	doctrine
/xe.ne.ˈɾo.so/	generoso	/ʒɨ.nɨ.ˈɾo.zu/	generoso	generous
/o.no.ˈɾo.so/	honoroso	/u.nu.ˈɾo.zu/	honoroso	honorable
/in.fi.ˈni.ta/	infinita	/ĩ.fi.ˈni.tɐ/	infinita	infinite, unlimited (f.)
/lu.mi.ˈno.so/	luminoso	/lu.mi.ˈno.zu/	luminoso	luminous
/na.ra.ˈðoɾ/	narrador	/nɐ.ʁɐ.ˈdoɾ/	narrador	narrator
/pa.la.ˈti.na/	palatina	/pɐ.lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/	palatina	palatine
/aɾ.xen.ˈti.na/	argentina	/ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nɐ/	argentina	silvery, Argentine
/ka.mi.na.ˈðoɾ/	caminador	/kɐ.mi.ɲɐ.ˈdoɾ/	caminhador	walker, hiker
/ka.βeɾ.ˈno.so/	cavernoso	/kɐ.vɨɾ.ˈno.zu/	cavernoso	cavernous
/xeɾ.ˈma.ni.ka/	germánica	/ʒɨɾ.ˈma.ni.kɐ/	germânica	Germanic
/u.ma.ni.ˈðað/	humanidad	/u.mɐ.ni.ˈda.dɨ/	humanidade	humanity
/in.sa.ni.ˈðað/	insanidad	/ĩ.sɐ.ni.ˈda.dɨ/	insanidade	insanity
/mo.ne.ˈta.ɾjo/	monetario	/mu.nɨ.ˈta.ɾju/	monetário	monetary
/se.ɾe.ni.ˈðað/	serenidad	/sɨ.ɾɨ.ni.ˈda.dɨ/	serenidade	serenity
/te.ne.ˈβɾo.so/	tenebroso	/tɨ.nɨ.ˈbɾo.zu/	tenebroso	dark, gloomy
/kɾis.ta.ˈli.na/	cristalina	/kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nɐ/	cristalina	crystalline
/seɾ.pen.ˈti.na/	serpentina	/sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nɐ/	serpentina	serpentine
/bes.peɾ.ˈti.na/	vespertina	/vɨʃ.pɨɾ.ˈti.nɐ/	vespertina	evening, vespertine (f.)
/ni/	ni	/nɐ̃j/	nem	nor
/no/	no	/nɐ̃w/	não	not
/ˈka.na/	cana	/ˈkɐ.nɐ/	cana	grey-haired (f.)
/ˈno.ta/	nota	/ˈnɔ.tɐ/	nota	note
/nweθ/	nuez	/nɔʃ/	noz	nut, walnut
/e.ˈne.ɾo/	enero	/ʒɐ.ˈnej.ɾu/	janeiro	January
/me.ˈnoɾ/	menor	/mɨ.ˈnɔɾ/	menor	lesser, younger, minor
/ˈnje.to/	nieto	/ˈnɛ.tu/	neto	grandson
/ˈnje.βe/	nieve	/ˈnɛ.vɨ/	neve	snow
/ˈno.tʃe/	noche	/ˈnoj.tɨ/	noite	night
/ˈno.βja/	novia	/ˈnoj.vɐ/	noiva	girlfriend, bride
/ˈno.βjo/	novio	/ˈnoj.vu/	noivo	boyfriend, groom
/ˈnwe.βa/	nueva	/ˈnɔ.vɐ/	nova	new (f.)
/ˈnwe.βe/	nueve	/ˈnɔ.vɨ/	nove	nine
/ˈnuŋ.ka/	nunca	/ˈnũ.kɐ/	nunca	never
/ˈrej.no/	reino	/ˈʁɐj.nu/	reino	kingdom
/ˈa.ni.mo/	ánimo	/ˈɐ.ni.mu/	ânimo	spirit, courage
/ˈkweɾ.no/	cuerno	/ˈkoɾ.nu/	corno	horn
/di.ˈne.ɾo/	dinero	/di.ˈɲej.ɾu/	dinheiro	money
/u.ˈma.na/	humana	/u.ˈmɐ.nɐ/	humana	human (f.)
/ma.ˈne.ɾa/	manera	/mɐ.ˈnej.ɾɐ/	maneira	way
/na.ˈθjon/	nación	/nɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/	nação	nation
/no.ˈθjon/	noción	/nu.ˈsɐ̃w/	noção	notion
/ˈnom.bɾe/	nombre	/ˈnɔ.mɨ/	nome	name
/pa.ˈɣa.na/	pagana	/pɐ.ˈgɐ.nɐ/	pagana	pagan
/ˈpjeɾ.na/	pierna	/ˈpɛɾ.nɐ/	perna	leg
/se.ˈma.na/	semana	/sɨ.ˈmɐ.nɐ/	semana	week
/uɾ.ˈβa.na/	urbana	/uɾ.ˈbɐ.nɐ/	urbana	urban
/ˈkɾo.ni.ka/	crónica	/ˈkɾɔ.ni.kɐ/	crônica	chronic, chronicle
/do.ˈnan.te/	donante	/du.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	donante	donor
/is.ˈpa.na/	hispana	/iʃ.ˈpɐ.nɐ/	hispana	Hispanic, Spanish
/me.ˈðja.na/	mediana	/mɨ.ˈdjɐ.nɐ/	mediana	median, average
/mun.ˈda.na/	mundana	/mũ.ˈdɐ.nɐ/	mundana	worldly
/na.ˈðan.te/	nadante	/nɐ.ˈdɐ̃.tɨ/	nadante	swimming, floating
/ne.ˈɣan.te/	negante	/nɨ.ˈgɐ̃.tɨ/	negante	denying
/no.ˈtan.te/	notante	/nu.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/	notante	noting
/no.ˈβen.ta/	noventa	/nu.ˈvẽ.tɐ/	noventa	ninety
/ˈnwes.tɾa/	nuestra	/ˈnɔ.sɐ/	nossa	our
/oɾ.ˈnan.te/	ornante	/uɾ.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	ornante	adorning
/sil.ˈβa.na/	silvana	/siɫ.ˈvɐ.nɐ/	silvana	sylvan
/ta.ˈβeɾ.na/	taberna	/tɐ.ˈvɛɾ.nɐ/	taverna	tavern
/to.ˈnan.te/	tonante	/tu.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	tonante	thundering
/a.fɾi.ˈka.na/	africana	/ɐ.fɾi.ˈkɐ.nɐ/	africana	African
/a.ten.ˈθjon/	atención	/ɐ.tɨn.ˈsɐ̃w/	atenção	attention
/in.ˈβjeɾ.no/	invierno	/ĩ.ˈvɛɾ.nu/	inverno	winter
/ma.ˈnjen.te/	maniente	/mɐ.ˈnẽ.tɨ/	manente	remaining (rare)
/me.ˈðjan.te/	mediante	/mɨ.ˈdjɐn.tɨ/	mediante	by means of
/na.ˈran.te/	narrante	/nɐ.ˈʁɐ̃.tɨ/	narrante	telling, narrator
/no.ˈso.tɾos/	nosotros	/nɔʃ/	nós	we (1pl)
/te.ˈnjen.te/	teniente	/tɨ.ˈnẽ.tɨ/	tenente	lieutenant
/be.te.ˈɾa.na/	veterana	/vɨ.tɨ.ˈɾɐ.nɐ/	veterana	veteran
/ka.mi.ˈnan.te/	caminante	/kɐ.mi.ˈɲɐ̃.tɨ/	caminhante	walker, traveler
/ko.ɾo.ˈnan.te/	coronante	/ku.ɾu.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	coronante	crowning
/do.mi.ˈnan.te/	dominante	/du.mi.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	dominante	dominant
/no.ˈβjem.bɾe/	noviembre	/nu.ˈvẽ.bɾu/	novembro	November
/ne.ˈɣan.do/	negando	/nɨ.ˈgɐ̃.du/	negando	denying (gerund)
/no.ˈtan.do/	notando	/nu.ˈtɐ̃.du/	notando	noting (gerund)
/oɾ.ˈnan.do/	ornando	/uɾ.ˈnɐ̃.du/	ornando	adorning (gerund)
/na.ˈran.do/	narrando	/nɐ.ˈʁɐ̃.du/	narrando	narrating (gerund)
/ka.mi.ˈnan.do/	caminando	/kɐ.mi.ˈɲɐ̃.du/	caminhando	walking, traveling (gerund)
/ˈnu.ka/	nuca	/ˈnu.kɐ/	nuca	nape, back of the neck
/ni.ˈkab/	niqab	/ni.ˈkab/	niqab	niqab, face veil
/ˈna.kaɾ/	nácar	/ˈna.kɐɾ/	nácar	nacre, mother of pearl
/ta.ˈi.ni/	tahini	/tɐ.ˈi.nɨ/	tahine	tahini
/a.se.ˈsi.no/	asesino	/ɐ.sɐ.ˈsi.nu/	assassino	assassin, murderer
/es.ˈki.na/	esquina	/iʃ.ˈki.nɐ/	esquina	corner
/al.βoɾ.ˈnoθ/	albornoz	/aɫ.buɾ.ˈnoʃ/	albornoz	hooded cloak, bathrobe
/meθ.ˈki.no/	mezquino	/mɨʃ.ˈki.ɲu/	mesquinho	mean, paltry, miserly
/al.ma.ˈna.ke/	almanaque	/aɫ.mɐ.ˈna.kɨ/	almanaque	almanac, calendar
/baj.la.ˈɾi.na/	bailarina	/bɐj.lɐ.ˈɾi.nɐ/	bailarina	dancer (f.)
/ta.ma.ˈɾin.do/	tamarindo	/tɐ.mɐ.ˈɾin.du/	tamarindo	tamarind
/a.θej.ˈtu.na/	aceituna	/ɐ.zej.ˈtɔ.nɐ/	azeitona	olive
/ˈgu.na/	guna	/ˈgu.nɐ/	guna	guna, attribute / quality
/ma.ˈna/	maná	/ˈma.nɐ/	mana	mana
/ˈna.si/	nasi	/ˈna.zi/	nasi	nasi, cooked rice
/ˈno.ɾi/	nori	/ˈno.ɾi/	nori	nori
/a.na.ˈna/	ananá	/ɐ.nɐ.ˈnaʃ/	ananás	pineapple
/a.ˈsa.na/	asana	/ɐ.ˈza.nɐ/	asana	asana
/ka.ˈno.a/	canoa	/kɐ.ˈno.ɐ/	canoa	canoe
/ˈxna.na/	jnana	/ˈʒna.nɐ/	jnana	jnana, knowledge
/ˈma.nas/	manas	/ˈma.nɐʃ/	manas	manas, mind
/ˈna.to/	natto	/ˈna.tu/	natto	natto, fermented soybeans
/ˈniŋ.xa/	ninja	/ˈnin.ʒɐ/	ninja	ninja
/o.ˈa.na/	ohana	/u.ˈa.nɐ/	ohana	ohana, family
/ˈpɾa.na/	prana	/ˈpɾa.nɐ/	prana	prana, life force
/ˈpun.ʝa/	punya	/ˈpu.njɐ/	punya	punya, spiritual merit
/ka.ˈnat/	qanat	/kɐ.ˈnat/	qanat	qanat, underground irrigation channel
/ˈra.men/	ramen	/ˈʁa.mɛn/	ramen	ramen
/ˈbaɾ.na/	varna	/ˈvaɾ.nɐ/	varna	varna, Vedic social class
/a.ˈnan.da/	ananda	/ɐ.ˈnan.dɐ/	ananda	ananda, bliss
/a.ˈnan.ta/	ananta	/ɐ.ˈnan.tɐ/	ananta	ananta, the infinite
/a.no.ˈɾak/	anorak	/ɐ.nu.ˈɾa.kɨ/	anoraque	anorak
/ba.ˈna.na/	banana	/bɐ.ˈna.nɐ/	banana	banana
/ˈdaj.kon/	daikon	/ˈdaj.kun/	daikon	daikon, white radish
/es.ˈnaps/	esnaps	/ʃnapʃ/	schnaps	schnapps
/a.ˈna.mi/	hanami	/ɐ.ˈna.mi/	hanami	hanami, cherry blossom viewing
/xa.ˈnu.ka/	hanuka	/ɐ.ˈnu.kɐ/	hanuca	Janucá, Jewish Festival of Lights
/xa.nu.ˈka/	hanuká	/ɐ.nu.ˈka/	hanuká	Hanukkah, Jewish Festival of Lights
/i.ˈɣwa.na/	iguana	/i.ˈgwa.nɐ/	iguana	iguana
/ka.ˈu.na/	kahuna	/kɐ.ˈu.nɐ/	kahuna	kahuna, Hawaiian priest
/ka.ˈɾu.na/	karuna	/kɐ.ˈɾu.nɐ/	karuna	karuna, compassion
/ki.ˈmo.no/	kimono	/ki.ˈmo.nu/	quimono	kimono
/ma.ni.ˈtu/	manitu	/mɐ.ni.ˈtu/	manitu	manitú, Algonquian spirit
/ma.ni.ˈtu/	manitú	/mɐ.ni.ˈtu/	manitu	manitú
/ni.ˈɣi.ɾi/	nigiri	/ni.ˈgi.ɾi/	nigiri	nigiri, hand-pressed sushi
/pa.ˈniɾ/	paneer	/pɐ.ˈniɾ/	paneer	paneer, Indian cheese
/ˈpon.tʃo/	poncho	/ˈpon.ʃu/	poncho	poncho
/ki.ˈno.a/	quinoa	/ki.ˈno.ɐ/	quinoa	quinoa, Andean grain
/sa.ˈβa.na/	sabana	/sɐ.ˈva.nɐ/	savana	sabana
/ˈtun.dɾa/	tundra	/ˈtun.dɾɐ/	tundra	tundra
/ba.ˈɾu.na/	varuna	/vɐ.ˈɾu.nɐ/	varuna	Varuna, Vedic deity
/ˈbiʃ.nu/	vishnu	/ˈviʃ.nu/	vishnu	Vishnu, Hindu deity
/ban.ˈda.na/	bandana	/bɐ̃.ˈda.nɐ/	bandana	bandana
/biɾ.ˈʝa.ni/	biryani	/biɾ.ˈja.ni/	biryani	biryani, mixed rice dish
/tʃut.ˈnej/	chutney	/ʃut.ˈnej/	chutney	chutney, Indian condiment
/ga.ˈne.ʃa/	ganesha	/gɐ.ˈne.ʃɐ/	ganesha	Ganesha, Hindu deity
/i.ke.ˈβa.na/	ikebana	/i.kɨ.ˈba.nɐ/	ikebana	ikebana
/ˈkɾiʃ.na/	krishna	/ˈkɾiʃ.nɐ/	krishna	Krishna
/me.no.ˈɾa/	menorah	/mɨ.nu.ˈɾa/	menorah	menorah, Hebrew candelabrum
/niɾ.ˈba.na/	nirvana	/niɾ.ˈva.nɐ/	nirvana	nirvana
/o.ni.ˈɣi.ɾi/	onigiri	/u.ni.ˈgi.ɾi/	onigiri	onigiri
/sput.ˈnik/	sputnik	/ʃput.ˈnik/	sputnik	Sputnik (satellite)
/ka.ɾa.ˈβa.na/	caravana	/kɐ.ɾɐ.ˈva.nɐ/	caravana	caravan
/tʃa.ˈɾan.go/	charango	/ʃa.ˈɾan.gu/	charango	charango
/glas.ˈnost/	glasnost	/glɐʒ.ˈnoʃt/	glasnost	glasnost
/sa.ʝo.ˈna.ɾa/	sayonara	/sɐ.ju.ˈna.ɾɐ/	sayonara	sayonara
/ʝo.ko.ˈθu.na/	yokozuna	/ju.kɔ.ˈzu.nɐ/	yokozuna	yokozuna, sumo grand champion
/no.ˈɾe.βan/	noraebang	/nu.ˈɾe.bɐ̃/	noraebang	noraebang, karaoke room
/pɾa.na.ˈʝa.ma/	pranayama	/pɾɐ.nɐj.ˈa.mɐ/	pranayama	pranayama
/u.pa.ˈni.ʃad/	upanishad	/u.pɐ.ˈni.ʃɐd/	upanishad	Upanishad, Hindu scripture
/bi.ˈpa.sa.na/	vipassana	/vi.ˈpa.sɐ.nɐ/	vipassana	vipassana, insight meditation
/tʃin.ˈtʃi.ʎa/	chinchilla	/ʃin.ˈʃi.lɐ/	chinchila	chinchilla
/tep.pan.ˈʝa.ki/	teppanyaki	/tɨp.pɐn.ˈja.ki/	teppanyaki	teppanyaki
/θen/	zen	/zɛn/	zen	zen
/nan/	naan	/nɐ̃/	naan	naan, Indian flatbread
/ˈa.ni.me/	anime	/ɐ.ˈni.mɨ/	anime	anime
/ni.ˈon/	nihon	/ni.ˈõ/	nihon	Nihon, Japan
/ˈnin.po/	ninpo	/ˈnĩ.pu/	ninpo	ninpo, ninja techniques
/ˈro.nin/	ronin	/ˈʁõ.nĩ/	ronin	ronin
/ˈsa.u.na/	sauna	/ˈsaw.nɐ/	sauna	sauna
/tu.ˈkan/	tucán	/tu.kɐ.ˈnu/	tucano	toucan
/xa.ˈnu.ka/	hanuka	/ɐ.nu.ˈka/	hanuká	Janucá, Jewish Festival of Lights
/xa.nu.ˈka/	hanuká	/ɐ.ˈnu.kɐ/	hanuca	Hanukkah, Jewish Festival of Lights
/ka.ˈta.na/	katana	/kɐ.ˈtɐ.nɐ/	catana	katana, Japanese sword
/ˈkin.wa/	quinua	/ki.ˈno.ɐ/	quinoa	quinua
/ˈʃin.to/	shinto	/ʃin.ˈtɔ/	xintó	Shinto
/a.nu.ˈman/	hanuman	/ɐ.nu.ˈmɐ̃/	hanuman	Hanuman, monkey deity
/man.ˈdjo.ka/	mandioca	/mɐn.di.ˈo.kɐ/	mandioca	manioc, cassava
/esʃ.ni.ˈtsel/	schnitzel	/ˈʃni.tsɨl/	schnitzel	schnitzel

→ /ɲ/⟨ñ⟩ · 43

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈu.ɲa/	uña	/ˈu.ɲɐ/	unha	claw, nail
/ˈle.ɲo/	leño	/ˈle.ɲu/	lenho	log
/ˈpi.ɲa/	piña	/ˈpi.ɲɐ/	pinha	pine cone, pineapple
/ˈpu.ɲo/	puño	/ˈpu.ɲu/	punho	fist
/ˈti.ɲa/	tiña	/ˈti.ɲɐ/	tinha	ringworm
/ˈbi.ɲa/	viña	/ˈvi.ɲɐ/	vinha	vineyard
/a.ˈɲa.ða/	añada	/ɐ.ˈna.dɐ/	anada	year, vintage, harvest
/da.ˈɲaɾ/	dañar	/dɐ.ˈnaɾ/	danar	to damage, harm
/o.ˈto.ɲo/	otoño	/ow.ˈto.nu/	outono	autumn
/se.ˈɲal/	señal	/si.ˈnaɫ/	sinal	sign, signal
/se.ˈɲoɾ/	señor	/sɨ.ˈɲoɾ/	senhor	lord, sir
/so.ˈɲaɾ/	soñar	/su.ˈɲaɾ/	sonhar	to dream
/ku.ˈɲa.ða/	cuñada	/ku.ˈɲa.dɐ/	cunhada	sister-in-law
/ku.ˈɲa.ðo/	cuñado	/ku.ˈɲa.du/	cunhado	brother-in-law
/da.ˈɲa.ða/	dañada	/dɐ.ˈna.dɐ/	danada	damaged (f.)
/da.ˈɲi.no/	dañino	/dɐ.ˈni.ɲu/	daninho	harmful
/da.ˈɲo.sa/	dañosa	/dɐ.ˈno.zɐ/	danosa	harmful, damaging (f.)
/o.to.ˈɲal/	otoñal	/ow.tu.ˈnaɫ/	outonal	autumnal
/kas.ˈta.ɲa/	castaña	/kɐʃ.ˈta.ɲɐ/	castanha	chestnut
/da.ɲa.ˈðoɾ/	dañador	/dɐ.nɐ.ˈdoɾ/	danador	damager
/pe.ˈke.ɲo/	pequeño	/pɨ.ˈke.nu/	pequeno	small, little
/ˈa.ɲo/	año	/ˈɐ.nu/	ano	year
/ˈba.ɲo/	baño	/ˈbɐ.ɲu/	banho	bath
/ˈda.ɲo/	daño	/ˈdɐ.nu/	dano	damage
/ˈpa.ɲo/	paño	/ˈpɐ.nu/	pano	cloth
/a.ˈɾa.ɲa/	araña	/ɐ.ˈɾɐ.ɲɐ/	aranha	spider
/ˈdwe.ɲa/	dueña	/ˈdɔ.nɐ/	dona	lady
/ˈdwe.ɲo/	dueño	/ˈdo.nu/	dono	lord, master, owner
/ˈswe.ɲo/	sueño	/ˈso.nu/	sono	sleep, dream
/ka.ˈβa.ɲa/	cabaña	/kɐ.ˈbɐ.nɐ/	cabana	hut, cabin
/en.ˈɡa.ɲo/	engaño	/ẽ.ˈɡɐ.nu/	engano	deception, trick
/ma.ˈɲa.na/	mañana	/mɐ.ˈɲɐ̃/	manhã	morning, tomorrow
/kam.ˈpa.ɲa/	campaña	/ˈkɐ̃.pa.ɲɐ/	campanha	countryside
/da.ˈɲan.te/	dañante	/dɐ̃.ˈnɐ̃.tɨ/	danante	damaging
/eks.ˈtɾa.ɲa/	extraña	/iʃ.ˈtɾɐ.ɲɐ/	estranha	foreign, strange (f.)
/mon.ˈta.ɲa/	montaña	/mõ.ˈtɐ.ɲɐ/	montanha	mountain
/mon.ˈta.ɲo.sa/	montañosa	/mõ.tɐ.ˈɲo.zɐ/	montanhosa	mountainous (f.)
/da.ˈɲan.do/	dañando	/dɐ̃.ˈnɐ̃.du/	danando	damaging, harming (gerund)
/a.ˈɲil/	añil	/ɐ.ˈniɫ/	anil	indigo, indigo plant
/a.ˈle.ɲa/	alheña	/aɫ.ˈfe.nɐ/	alfena	henna (also: privet shrub)
/ˈtʃu.ɲo/	chuño	/ˈʃu.ɲu/	chunho	chuño (freeze-dried potato)
/bi.ˈku.ɲa/	vicuña	/vi.ˈku.ɲɐ/	vicunha	vicuña
/pi.ˈɾa.ɲa/	piraña	/pi.ˈɾɐ.ɲɐ/	piranha	piranha

→ /i/⟨i⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/di.ˈβi.na/	divina	/di.ˈvi.nɐ/	divina	divine (f.)

→ /ŋ/⟨n⟩ · 2

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈniŋ.xa/	ninja	/ˈnin.ʒɐ/	ninja	ninja
/ˈpa.tʃiŋ.ko/	pachinko	/ˈpa.tʃin.ku/	pachinko	pachinko

→ /ɲ/⟨nh⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/baɲ.ˈmi/	banhmi	/bɐɲ.ˈmi/	banhmi	banh mi, Vietnamese sandwich

→ /ne/⟨ne⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈli.ne.a/	línea	/ˈli.ɲɐ/	linha	line

→ /∅/⟨⟩ · 1

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈmi.a/	mía	/ˈmi.ɲɐ/	minha	mine (f.)

→ /ð/⟨d⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈni.ðo/	nido	/ˈni.ɲu/	ninho	nest

→ /n/⟨nn⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/san.ˈʝa.sin/	sannyasin	/sɐn.ˈja.zĩ/	sannyasin	sannyasin, Hindu renunciant

/ẽ/⟨en⟩ → /jen, en/52 pairs

source

→ /jen/⟨ien⟩ · 38

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈθjen.to/	ciento	/ˈsẽ.tu/	cento	hundred
/ˈdjen.te/	diente	/ˈdẽ.tɨ/	dente	tooth
/ˈbjen.to/	viento	/ˈvẽ.tu/	vento	wind
/ˈbjen.tɾe/	vientre	/ˈvẽ.tɾɨ/	ventre	belly
/aɾ.ˈðjen.te/	ardiente	/ɐɾ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	ardente	burning, ardent
/be.ˈβjen.te/	bebiente	/bɨ.ˈvẽ.tɨ/	bevente	drinking
/de.ˈβjen.te/	debiente	/dɨ.ˈvẽ.tɨ/	devente	owing
/de.ˈθjen.te/	deciente	/dɨ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	decente	decent (rare; modern uses decente)
/do.ˈljen.te/	doliente	/du.ˈẽ.tɨ/	doente	suffering ≠ sick
/lu.ˈθjen.te/	luciente	/lu.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	lucente	shining, bright
/ma.ˈnjen.te/	maniente	/mɐ.ˈnẽ.tɨ/	manente	remaining (rare)
/mo.ˈβjen.te/	moviente	/mu.ˈvẽ.tɨ/	movente	moving
/pa.ˈɾjen.te/	pariente	/pɐ.ˈɾẽ.tɨ/	parente	parent, relative
/ta.ˈθjen.te/	taciente	/tɐ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	tacente	silent
/te.ˈmjen.te/	temiente	/tɨ.ˈmẽ.tɨ/	temente	fearing
/te.ˈnjen.te/	teniente	/tɨ.ˈnẽ.tɨ/	tenente	lieutenant
/ba.ˈljen.te/	valiente	/vɐ.ˈlẽ.tɨ/	valente	valiant
/bi.ˈβjen.te/	viviente	/vi.ˈvẽ.tɨ/	vivente	living, alive
/ja.ˈθjen.te/	yaciente	/ʒɐ.ˈzẽ.tɨ/	jazente	lying
/ko.ˈrjen.te/	corriente	/ku.ˈʁẽ.tɨ/	corrente	current, running
/feɾ.ˈβjen.te/	ferviente	/fɨɾ.ˈvẽ.tɨ/	fervente	fervent, ardent
/moɾ.ˈðjen.te/	mordiente	/muɾ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	mordente	biting, mordant
/pla.ˈθjen.te/	placiente	/pɾɐ.ˈzẽ.tɨ/	prazente	pleasing
/rom.ˈpjen.te/	rompiente	/ʁõ.ˈpẽ.tɨ/	rompente	breaking
/seɾ.ˈpjen.te/	serpiente	/sɨɾ.ˈpẽ.tɨ/	serpente	snake
/ten.ˈdjen.te/	tendiente	/tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	tendente	extending
/ben.ˈθjen.te/	venciente	/vẽ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	vencente	winning, winner
/ben.ˈdjen.te/	vendiente	/vẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	vendente	selling (rare; usually vendedor)
/beɾ.ˈtjen.te/	vertiente	/vɨɾ.ˈtẽ.tɨ/	vertente	slope, watershed
/a.ten.ˈdjen.te/	atendiente	/ɐ.tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	atendente	attending
/pɾen.ˈdjen.te/	prendiente	/pɾẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	prendente	taking, hanging
/θjen/	cien	/ˈsẽ.tu/	cento	one hundred (apocopated)
/du.ˈθjen.te/	duciente	/du.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	ducente	leading (archaic)
/ri.ˈðjen.te/	ridiente	/ʁi.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	ridente	laughing (rare/archaic; modern uses risueño)
/moɾ.ˈðjen.do/	mordiendo	/muɾ.ˈdẽ.du/	mordendo	biting (gerund)
/peɾ.ˈðjen.do/	perdiendo	/pɨɾ.ˈdẽ.du/	perdendo	losing (gerund)
/rom.ˈpjen.do/	rompiendo	/ʁõ.ˈpẽ.du/	rompendo	breaking (gerund)
/ben.ˈdjen.do/	vendiendo	/vẽ.ˈdẽ.du/	vendendo	selling (gerund)

→ /en/⟨en⟩ · 13

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/ˈen.tɾe/	entre	/ˈẽ.tɾɨ/	entre	between
/ˈxen.te/	gente	/ˈʒẽ.tɨ/	gente	people, folk
/ˈlen.to/	lento	/ˈlẽ.tu/	lento	slow
/ˈmen.te/	mente	/ˈmẽ.tɨ/	mente	mind
/a.ˈxen.te/	agente	/ɐ.ˈʒẽ.tɨ/	agente	agent
/ˈθen.tɾo/	centro	/ˈsẽ.tɾu/	centro	center
/ˈden.tɾo/	dentro	/ˈdẽ.tɾu/	dentro	within
/mo.ˈmen.to/	momento	/mu.ˈmẽ.tu/	momento	moment
/re.ˈxen.te/	regente	/ʁɨ.ˈʒẽ.tɨ/	regente	regent, ruler
/pɾe.ˈsen.te/	presente	/pɾɨ.ˈzẽ.tɨ/	presente	present, gift
/pɾu.ˈðen.te/	prudente	/pɾu.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	prudente	prudent
/re.ˈxen.do/	regendo	/ʁɨ.ˈʒẽ.du/	regendo	ruling (archaic; modern uses rigiendo)
/ˈben.to/	bento	/ˈbẽ.tu/	bento	bento, lunch box

→ /eŋ/⟨en⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/a.ˈɾeŋ.ke/	arenque	/ɐ.ˈɾẽ.kɨ/	arenque	herring

/ẽ/⟨en⟩ → /en/51 pairs

source

→ /en/⟨en⟩ · 50

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/den.ˈtal/	dental	/dẽ.ˈtaɫ/	dental	dental
/en.ˈtɾaɾ/	entrar	/ẽ.ˈtɾaɾ/	entrar	to enter
/xen.ˈtil/	gentil	/ʒẽ.ˈtiɫ/	gentil	gentle, noble
/men.ˈtiɾ/	mentir	/mẽ.ˈtiɾ/	mentir	to lie, deceive
/pen.ˈsaɾ/	pensar	/pẽ.ˈsaɾ/	pensar	to think
/sen.ˈtaɾ/	sentar	/sẽ.ˈtaɾ/	sentar	to seat
/sen.ˈtiɾ/	sentir	/sẽ.ˈtiɾ/	sentir	to feel
/ten.ˈdeɾ/	tender	/tẽ.ˈdeɾ/	tender	to stretch, hang out
/ten.ˈtaɾ/	tentar	/tẽ.ˈtaɾ/	tentar	to try, tempt, feel
/ben.ˈθeɾ/	vencer	/vẽ.ˈseɾ/	vencer	to conquer
/ben.ˈdeɾ/	vender	/vẽ.ˈdeɾ/	vender	to sell
/a.ten.ˈdeɾ/	atender	/ɐ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/	atender	to attend, serve
/en.ˈtɾa.ða/	entrada	/ẽ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/	entrada	entered (f.), entrance
/men.ˈdi.ɣo/	mendigo	/mẽ.ˈdi.gu/	mendigo	beggar
/men.ˈti.ða/	mentida	/mẽ.ˈti.dɐ/	mentida	lie (noun)
/men.ˈti.ðo/	mentido	/mẽ.ˈti.du/	mentido	lied
/pen.ˈsa.ða/	pensada	/pẽ.ˈsa.dɐ/	pensada	thought (f.)
/pɾen.ˈdeɾ/	prender	/pɾẽ.ˈdeɾ/	prender	to take, light (a fire)
/sen.ˈti.ða/	sentida	/sẽ.ˈti.dɐ/	sentida	felt (f.)
/ten.ˈta.ða/	tentada	/tẽ.ˈta.dɐ/	tentada	tried, tempted (f.)
/ben.ˈto.so/	ventoso	/vẽ.ˈto.zu/	ventoso	windy
/de.fen.ˈdeɾ/	defender	/dɨ.fẽ.ˈdeɾ/	defender	to defend
/en.ten.ˈdeɾ/	entender	/ẽ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/	entender	to understand
/en.tɾa.ˈðoɾ/	entrador	/ẽ.tɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/	entrador	one who enters
/en.tɾe.ˈɣaɾ/	entregar	/ẽ.tɾɨ.ˈgaɾ/	entregar	to hand over
/pen.sa.ˈðoɾ/	pensador	/pẽ.sɐ.ˈdoɾ/	pensador	thinker
/ten.ta.ˈðoɾ/	tentador	/tẽ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/	tentador	tempter
/aɾ.xen.ˈti.na/	argentina	/ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nɐ/	argentina	silvery, Argentine
/seɾ.pen.ˈti.na/	serpentina	/sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nɐ/	serpentina	serpentine
/en.ˈɡa.ɲo/	engaño	/ẽ.ˈɡɐ.nu/	engano	deception, trick
/len.ˈte.xa/	lenteja	/lẽ.ˈti.ʎɐ/	lentilha	lentil
/en.ˈtɾan.te/	entrante	/ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/	entrante	entering, incoming
/pen.ˈsan.te/	pensante	/pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.tɨ/	pensante	thinking
/ten.ˈtan.te/	tentante	/tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/	tentante	tempting
/ten.ˈdjen.te/	tendiente	/tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	tendente	extending
/ben.ˈθjen.te/	venciente	/vẽ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/	vencente	winning, winner
/ben.ˈdjen.te/	vendiente	/vẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	vendente	selling (rare; usually vendedor)
/a.ten.ˈdjen.te/	atendiente	/ɐ.tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	atendente	attending
/pɾen.ˈdjen.te/	prendiente	/pɾẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/	prendente	taking, hanging
/en.ˈtɾan.do/	entrando	/ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.du/	entrando	entering (gerund)
/pen.ˈsan.do/	pensando	/pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.du/	pensando	thinking (gerund)
/ten.ˈtan.do/	tentando	/tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.du/	tentando	trying (gerund)
/ben.ˈdjen.do/	vendiendo	/vẽ.ˈdẽ.du/	vendendo	selling (gerund)
/ˈθa.θen/	zazen	/ˈza.zẽ/	zazen	zazen, seated Zen meditation
/mentʃ/	mensch	/mẽʃ/	mensch	mensch, decent person
/sen.ˈsej/	sensei	/sẽ.ˈsej/	sensei	sensei
/ˈo.ðen/	oden	/ˈɔ.dẽ/	oden	oden, Japanese hot pot
/ˈon.sen/	onsen	/ˈõ.sẽ/	onsen	onsen
/en.ˈta.i/	hentai	/ẽ.ˈtaj/	hentai	hentai
/ren.ˈdaŋ/	rendang	/ʁẽ.ˈdɐ̃/	rendang	rendang, Indonesian curry

→ /eŋ/⟨en⟩ · 1

outcome

ES IPA	Spanish	PT IPA	Portuguese	English
/eŋ.kon.ˈtɾaɾ/	encontrar	/ẽ.kõ.ˈtɾaɾ/	encontrar	to find