A Refactoring of Spanish & Portuguese · companion data
Companion / Iberian / Part 6 / 6.2.3.1
Section 6.2.3.1

/a/ ⇒ /a/ ↔ /ɐ/

Same correspondence in the Latin American edition: §6.2.3.1 /i/ ⇒ /e/ ↔ /i/

1204 cognate pairs · click a row for its historical trace

CCAES IPASpanishPT IPAPortugueseEnglish
/ˈal.ba//ˈal.βa/alba/ˈaɫ.vɐ/alvadawn
/ˈa.si.na//ˈas.na/asna/ˈaʒ.nɐ/asnafemale donkey
/ˈlo.βa//ˈlo.βa/loba/ˈlo.bɐ/lobashe-wolf
/ˈsek.ka//ˈse.ka/seca/ˈse.kɐ/secadry
/ˈto.da//ˈto.ða/toda/ˈto.dɐ/todawhole, all
/ˈa.tsi.da//ˈa.θi.ða/ácida/ˈa.si.dɐ/ácidasour, acid
/ˈa.ɾi.da//ˈa.ɾi.ða/árida/ˈa.ɾi.dɐ/áridaarid, dry
/ˈa.βi.da//ˈa.βi.ða/ávida/ˈa.vi.dɐ/ávidagreedy, eager
/ˈkal.βa//ˈkal.βa/calva/ˈkaɫ.vɐ/calvabald
/ˈdek.ta//ˈdi.tʃa/dicha/ˈdi.tɐ/ditasaid
/ga.ˈna.ɾe//ga.ˈnaɾ/ganar/gɐ.ˈɲaɾ/ganharto gain
/ˈgɾa.ta//ˈgɾa.ta/grata/ˈgɾa.tɐ/gratagrateful, pleasing
/ˈdʒus.ta//ˈxus.ta/justa/ˈʒuʃ.tɐ/justajust, right
/ˈmʊl.tam//ˈmul.ta/multa/ˈmuɫ.tɐ/multafine, penalty
/ˈsa.kɾa//ˈsa.kɾa/sacra/ˈsa.kɾɐ/sacrasacred
/ˈu.ni.ka//ˈu.ni.ka/única/ˈu.ni.kɐ/únicaunique, only
/a.ˈgos.ta//a.ˈɣos.ta/agosta/ɐ.ˈgoʃ.tɐ/agostaaugust
/a.ˈgos.to//a.ˈɣos.to/agosto/ɐ.ˈgoʃ.tu/agostoAugust
/ˈal.dʒi.da//ˈal.xi.ða/álgida/ˈaɫ.ʒi.dɐ/álgidaalgid, peak
/ˈtsi.βi.ka//ˈθi.βi.ka/cívica/ˈsi.vi.kɐ/cívicacivic
/ku.ˈɲa.da//ku.ˈɲa.ða/cuñada/ku.ˈɲa.dɐ/cunhadasister-in-law
/dam.ˈni.no//da.ˈɲi.no/dañino/dɐ.ˈni.ɲu/daninhoharmful
/de.ˈka.na//de.ˈka.na/decana/dɨ.ˈka.nɐ/decanafemale dean
/ˈflu.i.da//ˈflu.i.ða/fluida/ˈflu.i.dɐ/fluidafluid
/ˈli.βi.da//ˈli.βi.ða/lívida/ˈli.vi.dɐ/lívidalivid
/ˈlu.tsi.da//ˈlu.θi.ða/lúcida/ˈlu.si.dɐ/lúcidalucid, bright
/ˈma.dʒi.ka//ˈma.xi.ka/mágica/ˈma.ʒi.kɐ/mágicamagical
/ma.ˈɾi.da//ma.ˈɾi.ða/marida/mɐ.ˈɾi.dɐ/maridawife
/ma.ˈɾi.do//ma.ˈɾi.ðo/marido/mɐ.ˈɾi.du/maridohusband
/ˈmu.si.ka//ˈmu.si.ka/música/ˈmu.zi.kɐ/músicamusic
/ˈni.ti.da//ˈni.ti.ða/nítida/ˈni.ti.dɐ/nítidaclear, sharp
/ˈpal.li.da//ˈpa.li.ða/pálida/ˈpa.li.dɐ/pálidapale
/ˈra.pi.da//ˈra.pi.ða/rápida/ˈʁa.pi.dɐ/rápidarapid, fast
/ˈri.dʒi.da//ˈri.xi.ða/rígida/ˈʁi.ʒi.dɐ/rígidarigid, stiff
/ˈsa.pi.da//ˈsa.pi.ða/sápida/ˈsa.pi.dɐ/sápidatasty, sapid
/se.ˈgu.ɾa//se.ˈɣu.ɾa/segura/sɨ.ˈgu.ɾɐ/segurasure, safe
/ˈti.mi.da//ˈti.mi.ða/tímida/ˈti.mi.dɐ/tímidatimid
/ˈti.pi.ka//ˈti.pi.ka/típica/ˈti.pi.kɐ/típicatypical
/ˈtu.mi.da//ˈtu.mi.ða/túmida/ˈtu.mi.dɐ/túmidaswollen
/ˈβa.li.da//ˈba.li.ða/válida/ˈva.li.dɐ/válidavalid
/ˈβi.βi.da//ˈbi.βi.ða/vívida/ˈvi.vi.dɐ/vívidavivid, lively
/ˈbar.baa//ˈbaɾ.βaa/barbara/ˈbaɾ.bɐɐ/barbarabarbarian
/ˈbaɾ.ba.ɾo//ˈbaɾ.βa.ɾo/bárbaro/ˈbaɾ.bɐ.ɾu/bárbarobarbarian
/ka.ˈβal.la//ka.ˈβa.ʎa/caballa/kɐ.ˈva.lɐ/cavalamackerel
/ka.ˈβal.lo//ka.ˈβa.ʎo/caballo/kɐ.ˈva.lu/cavalohorse
/ˈklas.si.ka//ˈkla.si.ka/clásica/ˈkla.si.kɐ/clássicaclassical
/ˈkɾi.ti.ka//ˈkɾi.ti.ka/crítica/ˈkɾi.ti.kɐ/críticacritical, critique
/i.ˈta.li.ka//i.ˈta.li.ka/itálica/i.ˈta.li.kɐ/itálicaItalic, italic
/ˈli.kwi.da//ˈli.ki.ða/líquida/ˈli.ki.dɐ/líquidaliquid
/pa.ˈdɾi.no//pa.ˈðɾi.no/padrino/pɐ.ˈdɾi.ɲu/padrinhogodfather
/ˈpla.tsi.da//ˈpla.θi.ða/plácida/ˈpla.si.dɐ/plácidaplacid, calm
/ˈpu.tɾi.da//ˈpu.tɾi.ða/pútrida/ˈpu.tɾi.dɐ/pútridarotten, putrid
/ˈrus.ti.ka//ˈrus.ti.ka/rústica/ˈʁuʃ.ti.kɐ/rústicarustic
/sil.ˈβa.na//sil.ˈβa.na/silvana/siɫ.ˈvɐ.nɐ/silvanasylvan
/sil.ˈβa.no//sil.ˈβa.no/silvano/siɫ.ˈvɐ.nu/silvanosylvan
/ˈtur.dʒi.da//ˈtuɾ.xi.ða/túrgida/ˈtuɾ.ʒi.dɐ/túrgidaturgid, swollen
/ˈstu.pi.da//es.ˈtu.pi.ða/estúpida/iʃ.ˈtu.pi.dɐ/estúpidastupid
/in.ˈsi.pi.da//in.ˈsi.pi.ða/insípida/ĩ.ˈsi.pi.dɐ/insípidatasteless, insipid
/po.ˈli.ti.ka//po.ˈli.ti.ka/política/pu.ˈli.ti.kɐ/políticapolitics
/bal.le.ˈri.na//baj.la.ˈɾi.na/bailarina/bɐj.lɐ.ˈɾi.nɐ/bailarinadancer
/dʒeɾ.ˈma.ni.ka//xeɾ.ˈma.ni.ka/germánica/ʒɨɾ.ˈma.ni.kɐ/germânicaGermanic
/fe.ˈɾi.da//fe.ˈɾi.ða/ferida/fɨ.ˈɾi.dɐ/feridawound, wounded
/fe.ˈɾi.da//e.ˈɾi.ða/herida/fɨ.ˈɾi.dɐ/feridawounded
/la.ˈdɾa.da//la.ˈðɾa.ða/ladrada/lɐ.ˈdɾa.dɐ/ladradabarked
/la.ˈdɾa.do//la.ˈðɾa.ðo/ladrado/lɐ.ˈdɾa.du/ladradobarked
/βol.ˈta.da//bol.ˈta.ða/voltada/voɫ.ˈta.dɐ/voltadaturned, flipped
/ˈor.sa//ˈo.sa/osa/ˈuɾ.sɐ/ursashe-bear
/ˈal.tɾa//ˈo.tɾa/otra/ˈow.tɾɐ/outraother
/ˈdɔm.na//ˈdwe.ɲa/dueña/ˈdɔ.nɐ/donalady
/ˈmol.ta//ˈmu.tʃa/mucha/ˈmũj.tɐ/muitamuch, many
/ˈtan.ta//ˈtan.ta/tanta/ˈtɐ̃.tɐ/tantaso much
/ˈkʷan.ta//ˈkwan.ta/cuanta/ˈkwɐ̃.tɐ/quantahow much
/ˈdɛ.tsi.ma//ˈde.θi.ma/décima/ˈdɛ.si.mɐ/décimatenth
/ˈgɾɔs.sa//ˈgɾwe.sa/gruesa/ˈgɾɔ.sɐ/grossathick, big
/ˈlo.dʒi.ka//ˈlo.xi.ka/lógica/ˈlɔ.ʒi.kɐ/lógicalogic
/ˈmɛ.ɾi.ta//ˈme.ɾi.ta/mérita/ˈmɛ.ɾi.tɐ/méritameritorious
/ˈkan.di.da//ˈkan.di.ða/cándida/ˈkɐ̃.di.dɐ/cândidacandid
/ˈkɾo.ni.ka//ˈkɾo.ni.ka/crónica/ˈkɾɔ.ni.kɐ/crônicachronic, chronicle
/ˈlim.pi.da//ˈlim.pi.ða/límpida/ˈlĩ.pi.dɐ/límpidaclear, transparent
/ˈmɔr.bi.da//ˈmoɾ.βi.ða/mórbida/ˈmɔɾ.bi.dɐ/mórbidamorbid
/ˈnɔs.tɾa//ˈnwes.tɾa/nuestra/ˈnɔ.sɐ/nossaour
/ˈpɛr.fi.da//ˈpeɾ.fi.ða/pérfida/ˈpɛɾ.fi.dɐ/pérfidaperfidious, treacherous
/se.ˈgon.da//se.ˈɣun.da/segunda/sɨ.ˈgũ.dɐ/segundasecond
/ˈtɔr.pi.da//ˈtoɾ.pi.ða/tórpida/ˈtɔɾ.pi.dɐ/tórpidasluggish, numb
/βen.ˈto.sa//ben.ˈto.sa/ventosa/vẽ.ˈtɔ.zɐ/ventosawindy
/ˈβɔs.tɾa//ˈbwes.tɾa/vuestra/ˈvɔ.sɐ/vossayour
/pɾo.ˈfon.da//pɾo.ˈfun.da/profunda/pɾu.ˈfũ.dɐ/profundadeep
/do.ˈmɛs.ti.ka//do.ˈmes.ti.ka/doméstica/du.ˈmɛʃ.ti.kɐ/domésticadomestic
/ˈro.ta//ˈro.ta/rota/ˈʁɔ.tɐ/rotabroken, route
Every table here shows the full corpus behind a sound correspondence — the print book shows a curated handful. Forms are generated from the book’s Latin→Romance model; the CCA column is the reconstructed common ancestor.