A Refactoring of Spanish & Portuguese · companion data
Companion / Part 6 / 6.1.1
Section 6.1.1

Unstressed /o/ → /o/ & /u/

819 cognate pairs · click a row for its historical trace

CCASpanishES IPAPortuguesePT IPAEnglish
/ˈbu.do/budo/ˈbu.ðo/budo/ˈbu.du/budo, martial arts
/ˈdo.dʒo/dojo/ˈdo.xo/dojo/ˈdo.ʒu/dojo
/ˈko.to/koto/ˈko.to/koto/ˈko.tu/koto
/ˈri.ko/rico/ˈri.ko/rico/ˈʁi.ku/rich
/ˈsa.go/sago/ˈsa.ɣo/sago/ˈsa.gu/sago, palm starch
/ˈa.o.daj/aodai/a.o.ˈðaj/aodai/ɐ.u.ˈdaj/ao dai, Vietnamese tunic
/ˈba.o.dzi/baozi/ˈba.o.θi/baozi/ˈba.u.zi/baozi, steamed bun
/ˈtʃi.no/chino/ˈtʃi.no/chino/ˈʃi.nu/Chinese
/ˈdaɾ.do/dardo/ˈdaɾ.ðo/dardo/ˈdaɾ.du/dart, spear
/ˈke.i.ko/keiko/ˈke.i.ko/keiko/ˈke.i.ku/keiko, training practice
/lo.ˈkum/lokum/lo.ˈkum/lokum/lu.ˈkum/lokum, Turkish delight
/ˈnat.to/natto/ˈna.to/natto/ˈna.tu/natto, fermented soybeans
/o.ˈha.gi/ohagi/o.ˈa.ɣi/ohagi/u.ˈa.gi/ohagi, sweet rice ball
/o.ˈha.na/ohana/o.ˈa.na/ohana/u.ˈa.nɐ/ohana, family
/o.ˈta.ku/otaku/o.ˈta.ku/otaku/u.ˈta.ku/otaku
/ˈro.bo.ta/robot/ro.ˈβot/rou.ˈbo/robot
/ˈtol.do/toldo/ˈtol.do/toldo/ˈtoɫ.du/awning, canopy, tarp
/ˈtʃu.ro/churro/ˈtʃu.ro/churro/ˈʃu.ʁu/fried dough pastry
/ku.ˈɲa.do/cuñado/ku.ˈɲa.ðo/cunhado/ku.ˈɲa.du/brother-in-law
/ˈdaj.kon/daikon/ˈdaj.kon/daikon/ˈdaj.kun/daikon, white radish
/dam.ˈni.no/dañino/da.ˈɲi.no/daninho/dɐ.ˈni.ɲu/harmful
/do.ˈra.ma/dorama/do.ˈɾa.ma/dorama/du.ˈɾa.mɐ/dorama
/ˈfɾes.ko/fresco/ˈfɾes.ko/fresco/ˈfɾeʃ.ku/fresh, cool
/goŋ.ˈfu/gongfu/goŋ.ˈfu/kung-fu/kuŋ.ˈfu/kung fu
/ˈki.mo.no/kimono/ki.ˈmo.no/quimono/ki.ˈmo.nu/kimono
/ma.ˈha.lo/mahalo/ma.ˈa.lo/mahalo/mɐ.ˈa.lu/mahalo, thank you
/po.ˈgrom/pogrom/po.ˈgɾom/pogromo/pu.ˈgɾo.mu/pogrom, organized massacre
/ˈra.ku.go/rakugo/ˈra.ku.ɣo/rakugo/ˈʁa.ku.gu/rakugo, comic storytelling
o.ˈfar/shofaro.ˈfaɾ/shofaru.ˈfaɾ/shofar, ritual ram's horn
/ta.ˈba.ko/tabaco/ta.ˈβa.ko/tabaco/tɐ.ˈba.ku/tobacco
/to.ˈmatɬ/tomate/to.ˈma.te/tomate/tu.ˈma.tɨ/tomato
/ˈja.ma.to/yamato/ja.ˈma.to/yamato/jɐ.ˈma.tu/Yamato, ancient name for Japan
/bu.ˈʃi.do/bushido/bu.ˈʃi.ðo/bushido/bu.ˈʃi.du/bushido
/es.ˈtɾi.bo/estribo/es.ˈtɾi.βo/estribo/ɨʃ.ˈtɾi.bu/stirrup
/me.no.ˈrah/menorah/me.no.ˈɾa/menorah/mɨ.nu.ˈɾa/menorah, Hebrew candelabrum
/o.ˈma.ka.se/omakase/o.ˈma.ka.se/omakase/u.ˈma.kɐ.zɨ/omakase, chef's tasting menu
/o.ni.ˈgi.ri/onigiri/o.ni.ˈɣi.ɾi/onigiri/u.ni.ˈgi.ɾi/onigiri
/o.ɾi.ˈga.mi/origami/o.ɾi.ˈɣa.mi/origami/u.ɾi.ˈga.mi/origami
/pa.ˈdɾi.no/padrino/pa.ˈðɾi.no/padrinho/pɐ.ˈdɾi.ɲu/godfather
/ˈpɪ.tʃɪ.no/pequeño/pe.ˈke.ɲo/pequeno/pɨ.ˈke.nu/small, little
/po.ˈgrom/pogromo/po.ˈgɾo.mo/pogromo/pu.ˈgɾo.mu/pogromo
/sa.mo.ˈvar/samovar/sa.mo.ˈβaɾ/samovar/sɐ.mu.ˈvaɾ/samovar
/ˈsa.ʃi.ko/sashiko/sa.ˈʃi.ko/sashiko/sɐ.ˈʃi.ku/sashiko, Japanese stitching
/tʃa.ˈɾan.go/charango/tʃa.ˈɾan.go/charango/ʃa.ˈɾan.gu/charango
/ˈdo.ra.ja.ki/dorayaki/do.ɾa.ˈja.ki/dorayaki/duɾ.ˈɐja.ki/dorayaki, Japanese pancake-sandwich
/ka.ˈki.go.ri/kakigori/ka.ˈki.ɣo.ɾi/kakigori/kɐ.ˈki.gu.ɾi/kakigori, shaved ice
/ˈko.to.da.ma/kotodama/ko.to.ˈða.ma/kotodama/ku.tu.ˈda.mɐ/kotodama, mystical power of words
/ˈpa.tʃin.ko/pachinko/ˈpa.tʃiŋ.ko/pachinko/ˈpa.tʃin.ku/pachinko
/ˈsa.jo.na.ra/sayonara/sa.ʝo.ˈna.ɾa/sayonara/sɐ.ju.ˈna.ɾɐ/sayonara
o.ko.ˈlatɬ/chocolate/tʃo.ko.ˈla.te/chocolateu.ku.ˈla.tɨ/chocolate
/ˈlajt.mo.tif/leitmotiv/lejt.mo.ˈtif/leitmotiv/lejt.mu.ˈtiv/leitmotiv
/no.ˈre.ban/noraebang/no.ˈɾe.βan/noraebang/nu.ˈɾe.bɐ̃/noraebang, karaoke room
/ˈan.ko/anko/ˈaŋ.ko/anko/ˈɐ̃.ku/anko, sweet bean paste
/ˈmo.ko/moko/ˈmo.ko/moko/ˈmɔ.ku/moko, Maori tattoo
/ˈsa.go/sago/ˈsa.ɣo/sagu/sɐ.ˈgu/sago, palm starch
/ˈben.to/bento/ˈben.to/bento/ˈbẽ.tu/bento, lunch box
/ˈdan.go/dango/ˈdaŋ.go/dango/ˈdɐ̃.gu/dango, rice dumpling
/ˈdoh.jo/dohyo/ˈdo.jo/dohyo/ˈdɔ.ju/dohyo, sumo ring
/ˈgan.so/ganso/ˈgan.so/ganso/ˈgɐ̃.su/goose
/ˈhan.ko/hanko/ˈaŋ.ko/hanko/ˈɐ̃.ku/hanko, Japanese seal
/ˈnin.po/ninpo/ˈnin.po/ninpo/ˈnĩ.pu/ninpo, ninja techniques
/ˈon.dol/ondol/ˈon.dol/ondol/ˈõ.dul/ondol, underfloor heating
/ˈpan.ko/panko/ˈpaŋ.ko/panko/ˈpɐ̃.ku/panko, breadcrumbs
/ˈɛl.mo/yelmo/ˈjel.mo/elmo/ˈɛɫ.mu/helmet
/po.ˈgrom/pogrom/po.ˈgɾom/pogrom/pu.ˈgɾɔm/pogrom, organized massacre
/ˈɕo.gun/shoguno.ˈɣun/xogumu.ˈgũ/shogun, military dictator
/ka.ˈra.o.ke/karaoke/ka.ˈɾa.o.ke/karao/kɐ.ɾɐ.u.ˈke/karaoke
/po.ˈgrom/pogromo/po.ˈgɾo.mo/pogrom/pu.ˈgɾɔm/pogromo
/o.ra.ŋu.ˈtan/orangutan/o.ɾa.ŋu.ˈtan/orangotango/u.ɾɐ̃.gu.ˈtɐ̃.gu/orangután, great ape of Borneo/Sumatra
/o.ra.ŋu.ˈtan/orangutan/o.ɾa.ŋu.ˈtan/orangutan/u.ɾɐ̃.u.ˈtɐ̃/orangután, great ape of Borneo/Sumatra
/o.ra.ŋu.ˈtan/orangután/o.ɾaŋ.gu.ˈtan/orangotango/u.ɾɐ̃.gu.ˈtɐ̃.gu/orangután
/o.ra.ŋu.ˈtan/orangután/o.ɾaŋ.gu.ˈtan/orangutan/u.ɾɐ̃.u.ˈtɐ̃/orangután
Every table here shows the full corpus behind a sound correspondence — the print book shows a curated handful. Forms are generated from the book’s Latin→Romance model; the CCA column is the reconstructed common ancestor.