A Refactoring of Spanish & Portuguese · companion data
Laterals: /l, ʎ/ ↔ /l/; /l/ ↔ /ɫ/; /ʎ/ ↔ /ʃ/
990 cognate pairs
Spanish → Portuguese
/l/⟨l⟩ → /ɫ, l, ɾ/415 pairs
source
/l/
→ /ɫ/⟨l⟩ · coda initial · 134
outcome
/ɫ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mil | /mil/ | mil | /miɫ/ | thousand |
| sal | /sal/ | sal | /saɫ/ | salt |
| tal | /tal/ | tal | /taɫ/ | such |
| alba | /ˈal.βa/ | alva | /ˈaɫ.vɐ/ | dawn |
| albo | /ˈal.βo/ | alvo | /ˈaɫ.vu/ | white (rare/poetic) |
| algo | /ˈal.ɣo/ | algo | /ˈaɫ.gu/ | something |
| alma | /ˈal.ma/ | alma | /ˈaɫ.mɐ/ | soul |
| alta | /ˈal.ta/ | alta | /ˈaɫ.tɐ/ | high |
| alto | /ˈal.to/ | alto | /ˈaɫ.tu/ | high |
| cual | /kwal/ | qual | /kwaɫ/ | which, what |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| oral | /o.ˈɾal/ | oral | /u.ˈɾaɫ/ | oral |
| abril | /a.ˈβɾil/ | abril | /ɐ.ˈbɾiɫ/ | April |
| altar | /al.ˈtaɾ/ | altar | /aɫ.ˈtaɾ/ | altar |
| calda | /ˈkal.da/ | calda | /ˈkaɫ.dɐ/ | hot, warm |
| caldo | /ˈkal.do/ | caldo | /ˈkaɫ.du/ | broth |
| calva | /ˈkal.βa/ | calva | /ˈkaɫ.vɐ/ | bald (fem) |
| calvo | /ˈkal.βo/ | calvo | /ˈkaɫ.vu/ | bald |
| civil | /θi.ˈβil/ | civil | /si.ˈviɫ/ | civil |
| culpa | /ˈkul.pa/ | culpa | /ˈkuɫ.pɐ/ | fault, guilt |
| culta | /ˈkul.ta/ | culta | /ˈkuɫ.tɐ/ | cultivated, educated |
| culto | /ˈkul.to/ | culto | /ˈkuɫ.tu/ | cult, worship |
| falsa | /ˈfal.sa/ | falsa | /ˈfaɫ.sɐ/ | false (feminine) |
| falso | /ˈfal.so/ | falso | /ˈfaɫ.su/ | false |
| fatal | /fa.ˈtal/ | fatal | /fɐ.ˈtaɫ/ | fatal |
| fácil | /ˈfa.θil/ | fácil | /ˈfa.siɫ/ | easy |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | legal |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | legal |
| moral | /mo.ˈɾal/ | moral | /mu.ˈɾaɫ/ | moral, ethical |
| multa | /ˈmul.ta/ | multa | /ˈmuɫ.tɐ/ | fine, penalty |
| mural | /mu.ˈɾal/ | mural | /mu.ˈɾaɫ/ | mural, wall |
| nasal | /na.ˈsal/ | nasal | /nɐ.ˈzaɫ/ | nasal |
| natal | /na.ˈtal/ | natal | /nɐ.ˈtaɫ/ | natal |
| naval | /na.ˈβal/ | naval | /nɐ.ˈvaɫ/ | naval |
| palma | /ˈpal.ma/ | palma | /ˈpaɫ.mɐ/ | palm |
| pulso | /ˈpul.so/ | pulso | /ˈpuɫ.su/ | pulse, wrist |
| salto | /ˈsal.to/ | salto | /ˈsaɫ.tu/ | leap, jump |
| señal | /se.ˈɲal/ | sinal | /si.ˈnaɫ/ | sign, signal |
| total | /to.ˈtal/ | total | /tu.ˈtaɫ/ | total |
| vital | /bi.ˈtal/ | vital | /vi.ˈtaɫ/ | vital |
| vocal | /bo.ˈkal/ | vocal | /vu.ˈkaɫ/ | vocal, vowel |
| alpina | /al.ˈpi.na/ | alpina | /aɫ.ˈpi.nɐ/ | alpine |
| alpino | /al.ˈpi.no/ | alpino | /aɫ.ˈpi.nu/ | alpine |
| altura | /al.ˈtu.ɾa/ | altura | /aɫ.ˈtu.ɾɐ/ | height |
| animal | /a.ni.ˈmal/ | animal | /ɐ.ni.ˈmaɫ/ | animal |
| brutal | /bɾu.ˈtal/ | brutal | /bɾu.ˈtaɫ/ | brutal |
| carnal | /kaɾ.ˈnal/ | carnal | /kɐɾ.ˈnaɫ/ | carnal |
| dental | /den.ˈtal/ | dental | /dẽ.ˈtaɫ/ | dental |
| formal | /foɾ.ˈmal/ | formal | /fuɾ.ˈmaɫ/ | formal |
| frugal | /fɾu.ˈɣal/ | frugal | /fɾu.ˈgaɫ/ | frugal |
| gentil | /xen.ˈtil/ | gentil | /ʒẽ.ˈtiɫ/ | gentle, noble |
| mortal | /moɾ.ˈtal/ | mortal | /muɾ.ˈtaɫ/ | mortal |
| normal | /noɾ.ˈmal/ | normal | /nuɾ.ˈmaɫ/ | normal |
| otoñal | /o.to.ˈɲal/ | outonal | /ow.tu.ˈnaɫ/ | autumnal |
| plural | /plu.ˈɾal/ | plural | /plu.ˈɾaɫ/ | plural |
| saltar | /sal.ˈtaɾ/ | saltar | /saɫ.ˈtaɾ/ | to jump |
| salvar | /sal.ˈβaɾ/ | salvar | /saɫ.ˈvaɾ/ | to save |
| álgida | /ˈal.xi.ða/ | álgida | /ˈaɫ.ʒi.dɐ/ | algid, peak (fem) |
| álgido | /ˈal.xi.ðo/ | álgido | /ˈaɫ.ʒi.du/ | algid, peak (climactic) |
| calcada | /kal.ˈka.ða/ | calcada | /kaɫ.ˈka.dɐ/ | trodden (feminine) |
| calcado | /kal.ˈka.ðo/ | calcado | /kaɫ.ˈka.du/ | trodden, traced |
| capital | /ka.pi.ˈtal/ | capital | /kɐ.pi.ˈtaɫ/ | capital |
| cultura | /kul.ˈtu.ɾa/ | cultura | /kuɫ.ˈtu.ɾɐ/ | culture |
| general | /xe.ne.ˈɾal/ | general | /ʒɨ.nɨ.ˈɾaɫ/ | general (adjective/noun) |
| natural | /na.tu.ˈɾal/ | natural | /nɐ.tu.ˈɾaɫ/ | natural |
| saltada | /sal.ˈta.ða/ | saltada | /saɫ.ˈta.dɐ/ | jumped (feminine) |
| saltado | /sal.ˈta.ðo/ | saltado | /saɫ.ˈta.du/ | jumped |
| salvada | /sal.ˈβa.ða/ | salvada | /saɫ.ˈva.dɐ/ | saved (feminine) |
| salvado | /sal.ˈβa.ðo/ | salvado | /saɫ.ˈva.du/ | saved |
| soldado | /sol.ˈda.ðo/ | soldado | /soɫ.ˈda.du/ | soldier |
| voltada | /bol.ˈta.ða/ | voltada | /voɫ.ˈta.dɐ/ | turned, flipped (fem) |
| voltado | /bol.ˈta.ðo/ | voltado | /voɫ.ˈta.du/ | turned, flipped |
| calcario | /kal.ˈka.ɾjo/ | calcário | /kaɫ.ˈka.ɾju/ | chalky, calcareous |
| saltador | /sal.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | saltador | /saɫ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | jumper |
| salvador | /sal.βa.ˈðoɾ/ | salvador | /saɫ.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | savior |
| voltador | /bol.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | voltador | /voɫ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | flipper, somersaulter |
| sol | /sol/ | sol | /sɔɫ/ | sun |
| miel | /mjel/ | mel | /mɛɫ/ | honey |
| cruel | /kɾwel/ | cruel | /kɾu.ˈɛɫ/ | cruel |
| alguno | /al.ˈɣu.no/ | algum | /aɫ.ˈgũ/ | some |
| sueldo | /ˈswel.do/ | soldo | /ˈsoɫ.du/ | salary |
| silvana | /sil.ˈβa.na/ | silvana | /siɫ.ˈvɐ.nɐ/ | sylvan |
| silvano | /sil.ˈβa.no/ | silvano | /siɫ.ˈvɐ.nu/ | sylvan |
| calcante | /kal.ˈkan.te/ | calcante | /kaɫ.ˈkɐ̃.tɨ/ | treading |
| saltante | /sal.ˈtan.te/ | saltante | /saɫ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | jumping, prominent |
| salvante | /sal.ˈβan.te/ | salvante | /saɫ.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | saving |
| algún | /al.ˈɣun/ | algum | /aɫ.ˈgũ/ | some (apocopated) |
| saltando | /sal.ˈtan.do/ | saltando | /saɫ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | jumping (gerund) |
| salvando | /sal.ˈβan.do/ | salvando | /saɫ.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | saving (gerund) |
| voltando | /bol.ˈtan.do/ | voltando | /voɫ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | turning, flipping (gerund) |
| gul | /gul/ | gul | /guɫ/ | gul |
| azul | /a.ˈθul/ | azul | /ɐ.ˈzuɫ/ | blue |
| añil | /a.ˈɲil/ | anil | /ɐ.ˈniɫ/ | indigo, indigo plant |
| vals | /bals/ | valsa | /ˈvaɫ.sɐ/ | waltz |
| dolma | /ˈdol.ma/ | dolma | /ˈdoɫ.mɐ/ | dolma |
| falda | /ˈfal.da/ | falda | /ˈfaɫ.dɐ/ | skirt, mountain slope |
| halal | /a.ˈlal/ | halal | /ɐ.ˈlaɫ/ | halal |
| halva | /ˈal.βa/ | halva | /ˈaɫ.vɐ/ | halva |
| kalpa | /ˈkal.pa/ | calpa | /ˈkaɫ.pɐ/ | kalpa |
| toldo | /ˈtol.do/ | toldo | /ˈtoɫ.du/ | awning, canopy, tarp |
| aldaba | /al.ˈda.βa/ | aldraba | /aɫ.ˈdɾa.bɐ/ | door knocker, latch |
| aljaba | /al.ˈxa.βa/ | aljava | /aɫ.ˈʒa.vɐ/ | quiver |
| alpaca | /al.ˈpa.ka/ | alpaca | /aɫ.ˈpa.kɐ/ | alpaca |
| sambal | /ˈsam.bal/ | sambal | /sɐ̃.ˈbaɫ/ | sambal, chili paste |
| alcaide | /al.ˈkaj.ðe/ | alcaide | /aɫ.ˈkaj.dɨ/ | warden, governor, jailer |
| alcázar | /al.ˈka.θaɾ/ | alcácer | /aɫ.ˈka.sɨɾ/ | castle, palace |
| almadía | /al.ma.ˈði.a/ | almadia | /aɫ.mɐ.ˈdi.ɐ/ | raft, river-crossing float |
| almagre | /al.ˈma.gɾe/ | almagre | /aɫ.ˈma.gɾɨ/ | red ochre |
| bulgogi | /bul.ˈgo.ɣi/ | bulgogi | /buɫ.ˈgo.gi/ | bulgogi, grilled beef |
| álgebra | /ˈal.xe.βɾa/ | álgebra | /ˈaɫ.ʒɨ.bɾɐ/ | algebra |
| albahaca | /al.βa.ˈa.ka/ | alfavaca | /aɫ.fɐ.ˈva.kɐ/ | basil |
| albornoz | /al.βoɾ.ˈnoθ/ | albornoz | /aɫ.buɾ.ˈnoʃ/ | hooded cloak, bathrobe |
| almizcle | /al.ˈmiθ.kle/ | almíscar | /aɫ.ˈmiʃ.kɐɾ/ | musk |
| almohada | /al.mo.ˈa.ða/ | almofada | /aɫ.mu.ˈfa.dɐ/ | pillow |
| almohaza | /al.mo.ˈa.θa/ | almofaça | /aɫ.mu.ˈfa.sɐ/ | currycomb |
| alquimia | /al.ˈki.mja/ | alquimia | /aɫ.ˈki.mjɐ/ | alchemy |
| almanaque | /al.ma.ˈna.ke/ | almanaque | /aɫ.mɐ.ˈna.kɨ/ | almanac, calendar |
| albayalde | /al.βa.ˈjal.de/ | alvaiade | /aɫv.ˈɐja.dɨ/ | white lead pigment (archaic) |
| albéitar | /al.ˈβej.taɾ/ | alveitar | /aɫ.ˈvej.tɐɾ/ | veterinarian (archaic |
| alfayate | /al.fa.ˈja.te/ | alfaiate | /aɫf.ˈɐja.tɨ/ | tailor (archaic |
| aldea | /al.ˈde.a/ | aldeia | /aɫ.ˈdej.ɐ/ | village |
| polca | /ˈpol.ka/ | polca | /ˈpɔɫ.kɐ/ | polca |
| yelmo | /ˈjel.mo/ | elmo | /ˈɛɫ.mu/ | helmet |
| adelfa | /a.ˈðel.fa/ | adelfa | /ɐ.ˈdɛɫ.fɐ/ | oleander |
| alcoba | /al.ˈko.βa/ | alcova | /aɫ.ˈkɔ.vɐ/ | alcove, bedroom |
| hangul | /ˈaŋ.gul/ | hangul | /ˈɐ̃.guɫ/ | hangul |
| sultán | /sul.ˈtan/ | sultão | /suɫ.ˈtɐ̃w/ | sultán |
| alcohol | /al.ko.ˈol/ | álcool | /ˈaɫ.kɔɫ/ | alcohol |
| algodón | /al.go.ˈðon/ | algodão | /aɫ.gu.ˈdɐ̃w/ | cotton |
| albacora | /al.βa.ˈko.ɾa/ | albacora | /aɫ.bɐ.ˈkɔ.ɾɐ/ | yellowfin tuna |
| algarroba | /al.ɣa.ˈro.βa/ | alfarroba | /aɫ.fɐ.ˈʁɔ.bɐ/ | carob |
| alquitrán | /al.ki.ˈtɾan/ | alcatrão | /aɫ.kɐ.ˈtɾɐ̃w/ | tar |
| alfanje | /al.ˈfaŋ.xe/ | alfange | /aɫ.ˈfɐ̃.ʒɨ/ | scimitar, broadsword (archaic) |
→ /l/⟨l⟩ · coda initial · 6
outcome/l/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| piel | /pjel/ | pele | /ˈpɛ.lɨ/ | skin |
| calda | /ˈkal.da/ | cálida | /ˈka.li.dɐ/ | hot, warm |
| mezcal | /mes.ˈkal/ | mezcal | /mɨʃ.ˈkal/ | mezcal |
| chaebol | /ˈtʃe.βol/ | chaebol | /ˈʃe.bɔl/ | chaebol, Korean conglomerate |
| ondol | /ˈon.dol/ | ondol | /ˈõ.dul/ | ondol, underfloor heating |
| yodel | /ˈjo.ðel/ | yodel | /ˈjɔ.dɨl/ | yodel, Alpine vocal technique |
→ /l/⟨l⟩ · not coda initial · 265
outcome/l/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ala | /ˈa.la/ | ala | /ˈa.lɐ/ | wing |
| luz | /luθ/ | luz | /luʃ/ | light |
| flor | /floɾ/ | flor | /floɾ/ | flower |
| lado | /ˈla.ðo/ | lado | /ˈla.du/ | side |
| lago | /ˈla.ɣo/ | lago | /ˈla.gu/ | lake |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| leer | /le.ˈeɾ/ | ler | /leɾ/ | to read |
| leño | /ˈle.ɲo/ | lenho | /ˈle.ɲu/ | log |
| lino | /ˈli.no/ | linho | /ˈli.ɲu/ | flax, linen |
| loar | /lo.ˈaɾ/ | louvar | /low.ˈvaɾ/ | to praise |
| lobo | /ˈlo.βo/ | lobo | /ˈlo.bu/ | wolf |
| lodo | /ˈlo.ðo/ | lodo | /ˈlo.du/ | mud |
| luna | /ˈlu.na/ | lua | /ˈlu.ɐ/ | moon |
| mula | /ˈmu.la/ | mula | /ˈmu.lɐ/ | mule |
| pelo | /ˈpe.lo/ | pelo | /ˈpe.lu/ | hair |
| calor | /ka.ˈloɾ/ | calor | /kɐ.ˈloɾ/ | heat |
| clara | /ˈkla.ɾa/ | clara | /ˈkla.ɾɐ/ | clear (feminine) |
| claro | /ˈkla.ɾo/ | claro | /ˈkla.ɾu/ | clear |
| falaz | /fa.ˈlaθ/ | falaz | /fɐ.ˈlaʃ/ | deceitful, fallacious |
| feliz | /fe.ˈliθ/ | feliz | /fɨ.ˈliʃ/ | happy, fortunate |
| labor | /la.ˈβoɾ/ | lavor | /lɐ.ˈvoɾ/ | labor, work |
| lardo | /ˈlaɾ.ðo/ | lardo | /ˈlaɾ.du/ | lard |
| larga | /ˈlaɾ.ɣa/ | larga | /ˈlaɾ.gɐ/ | wide, long |
| largo | /ˈlaɾ.ɣo/ | largo | /ˈlaɾ.gu/ | long (FALSE FRIEND with Portuguese: Spanish 'largo' = long, Portuguese 'largo' = wide) |
| lavar | /la.ˈβaɾ/ | lavar | /lɐ.ˈvaɾ/ | to wash |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | legal |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | legal |
| letra | /ˈle.tɾa/ | letra | /ˈle.tɾɐ/ | letter |
| libra | /ˈli.βɾa/ | libra | /ˈli.bɾɐ/ | pound |
| libre | /ˈli.βɾe/ | livre | /ˈliv.ɾɨ/ | free |
| libro | /ˈli.βɾo/ | livro | /ˈliv.ɾu/ | book |
| limar | /li.ˈmaɾ/ | limar | /li.ˈmaɾ/ | to file, smooth |
| loada | /lo.ˈa.ða/ | louvada | /low.ˈva.dɐ/ | praised (feminine) |
| loado | /lo.ˈa.ðo/ | louvado | /low.ˈva.du/ | praised |
| locar | /lo.ˈkaɾ/ | locar | /lu.ˈkaɾ/ | to rent, place |
| lugar | /lu.ˈɣaɾ/ | lugar | /lu.ˈgaɾ/ | place |
| lunar | /lu.ˈnaɾ/ | lunar | /lu.ˈnaɾ/ | lunar |
| línea | /ˈli.ne.a/ | linha | /ˈli.ɲɐ/ | line |
| oliva | /o.ˈli.βa/ | oliva | /u.ˈli.vɐ/ | olive |
| pluma | /ˈplu.ma/ | pluma | /ˈplu.mɐ/ | feather, pen |
| salar | /sa.ˈlaɾ/ | salar | /sɐ.ˈlaɾ/ | to salt |
| solar | /so.ˈlaɾ/ | solar | /su.ˈlaɾ/ | solar |
| valer | /ba.ˈleɾ/ | valer | /vɐ.ˈleɾ/ | to be worth |
| valor | /ba.ˈloɾ/ | valor | /vɐ.ˈloɾ/ | value |
| velar | /be.ˈlaɾ/ | velar | /vɨ.ˈlaɾ/ | to veil, watch over |
| bailar | /baj.ˈlaɾ/ | bailar | /baj.ˈlaɾ/ | to dance |
| calada | /ka.ˈla.ða/ | calada | /kɐ.ˈla.dɐ/ | silenced, soaked (feminine) |
| calado | /ka.ˈla.ðo/ | calado | /kɐ.ˈla.du/ | silenced, soaked |
| clamor | /kla.ˈmoɾ/ | clamor | /klɐ.ˈmoɾ/ | clamor, uproar |
| cálida | /ˈka.li.ða/ | cálida | /ˈka.li.dɐ/ | warm, hot (fem) |
| cálido | /ˈka.li.ðo/ | cálido | /ˈka.li.du/ | warm, hot |
| escala | /es.ˈka.la/ | escala | /ɨʃ.ˈka.lɐ/ | stair, scale |
| felina | /fe.ˈli.na/ | felina | /fɨ.ˈli.nɐ/ | feline |
| felino | /fe.ˈli.no/ | felino | /fɨ.ˈli.nu/ | feline |
| fluida | /ˈflu.i.ða/ | fluida | /ˈflu.i.dɐ/ | fluid |
| fluido | /ˈflu.i.ðo/ | fluido | /ˈflu.i.du/ | fluid |
| hablar | /a.ˈβlaɾ/ | falar | /fɐ.ˈlaɾ/ | to speak |
| ladrar | /la.ˈðɾaɾ/ | ladrar | /lɐ.ˈdɾaɾ/ | to bark |
| lanoso | /la.ˈno.so/ | lanoso | /lɐ.ˈno.zu/ | woolly |
| latina | /la.ˈti.na/ | latina | /lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/ | Latin |
| latino | /la.ˈti.no/ | latino | /lɐ.ˈti.nu/ | Latin |
| lavada | /la.ˈβa.ða/ | lavada | /lɐ.ˈva.dɐ/ | washed |
| lavado | /la.ˈβa.ðo/ | lavado | /lɐ.ˈva.du/ | washed |
| legada | /le.ˈɣa.ða/ | legada | /lɨ.ˈga.dɐ/ | tied (feminine) |
| legado | /le.ˈɣa.ðo/ | legado | /lɨ.ˈga.du/ | tied, bequest, legacy |
| librar | /li.ˈβɾaɾ/ | livrar | /liv.ˈɾaɾ/ | to free, save, deliver |
| limada | /li.ˈma.ða/ | limada | /li.ˈma.dɐ/ | filed, smoothed (feminine) |
| limado | /li.ˈma.ðo/ | limado | /li.ˈma.du/ | filed, smoothed |
| límite | /ˈli.mi.te/ | limite | /ˈli.mi.tɨ/ | limit |
| limoso | /li.ˈmo.so/ | limoso | /li.ˈmo.zu/ | muddy |
| loador | /lo.a.ˈðoɾ/ | louvador | /low.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | praiser |
| locada | /lo.ˈka.ða/ | locada | /lu.ˈka.dɐ/ | rented, placed |
| locado | /lo.ˈka.ðo/ | locado | /lu.ˈka.du/ | rented, placed |
| luchar | /lu.ˈtʃaɾ/ | lutar | /lu.ˈtaɾ/ | to fight |
| lívida | /ˈli.βi.ða/ | lívida | /ˈli.vi.dɐ/ | livid (fem) |
| lívido | /ˈli.βi.ðo/ | lívido | /ˈli.vi.du/ | livid, bluish |
| lúcida | /ˈlu.θi.ða/ | lúcida | /ˈlu.si.dɐ/ | lucid, bright (fem) |
| lúcido | /ˈlu.θi.ðo/ | lúcido | /ˈlu.si.du/ | lucid, bright |
| plural | /plu.ˈɾal/ | plural | /plu.ˈɾaɫ/ | plural |
| pálida | /ˈpa.li.ða/ | pálida | /ˈpa.li.dɐ/ | pale (fem) |
| pálido | /ˈpa.li.ðo/ | pálido | /ˈpa.li.du/ | pale |
| salada | /sa.ˈla.ða/ | salada | /sɐ.ˈla.dɐ/ | salted, salad |
| salado | /sa.ˈla.ðo/ | salado | /sɐ.ˈla.du/ | salted, salty |
| salida | /sa.ˈli.ða/ | salida | /sɐ.ˈli.dɐ/ | left, gone out (feminine), exit |
| salido | /sa.ˈli.ðo/ | salido | /sɐ.ˈli.du/ | left, gone out |
| velado | /be.ˈla.ðo/ | velado | /vɨ.ˈla.du/ | veiled, watched over |
| válida | /ˈba.li.ða/ | válida | /ˈva.li.dɐ/ | valid (fem) |
| válido | /ˈba.li.ðo/ | válido | /ˈva.li.du/ | valid |
| clásica | /ˈkla.si.ka/ | clássica | /ˈkla.si.kɐ/ | classical |
| clásico | /ˈkla.si.ko/ | clássico | /ˈkla.si.ku/ | classical |
| delador | /de.la.ˈðoɾ/ | delador | /dɨ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | informer, accuser |
| globoso | /glo.ˈβo.so/ | globoso | /glu.ˈbo.zu/ | globular |
| itálica | /i.ˈta.li.ka/ | itálica | /i.ˈta.li.kɐ/ | Italic, italic |
| itálico | /i.ˈta.li.ko/ | itálico | /i.ˈta.li.ku/ | Italic, italic |
| ladrada | /la.ˈðɾa.ða/ | ladrada | /lɐ.ˈdɾa.dɐ/ | barked (feminine) |
| ladrado | /la.ˈðɾa.ðo/ | ladrado | /lɐ.ˈdɾa.du/ | barked |
| lavador | /la.βa.ˈðoɾ/ | lavador | /lɐ.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | washer |
| lectura | /lek.ˈtu.ɾa/ | leitura | /lej.ˈtu.ɾɐ/ | reading |
| legador | /le.ɣa.ˈðoɾ/ | legador | /lɨ.gɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | binder, bequeather |
| leonina | /le.o.ˈni.na/ | leonina | /lɨ.u.ˈni.nɐ/ | lion-like |
| leonino | /le.o.ˈni.no/ | leonino | /lɨ.u.ˈni.nu/ | lion-like |
| leproso | /le.ˈpɾo.so/ | leproso | /lɨ.ˈpɾo.zu/ | leprous |
| levedad | /le.βe.ˈðað/ | levidade | /lɨ.vi.ˈda.dɨ/ | lightness, levity |
| limador | /li.ma.ˈðoɾ/ | limador | /li.mɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | filer |
| locador | /lo.ka.ˈðoɾ/ | locador | /lu.kɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | lessor, placer |
| lágrima | /ˈla.ɣɾi.ma/ | lágrima | /ˈla.gɾi.mɐ/ | tear |
| líquida | /ˈli.kwi.ða/ | líquida | /ˈli.kwi.dɐ/ | liquid (fem) |
| líquido | /ˈli.kwi.ðo/ | líquido | /ˈli.kwi.du/ | liquid |
| militar | /mi.li.ˈtaɾ/ | militar | /mi.li.ˈtaɾ/ | military |
| palabra | /pa.ˈla.βɾa/ | palavra | /pɐ.ˈlav.ɾɐ/ | word |
| palacio | /pa.ˈla.θjo/ | palácio | /pɐ.ˈla.sju/ | palace |
| plácida | /ˈpla.θi.ða/ | plácida | /ˈpla.si.dɐ/ | placid, calm (fem) |
| plácido | /ˈpla.θi.ðo/ | plácido | /ˈpla.si.du/ | placid, calm |
| salador | /sa.la.ˈðoɾ/ | salador | /sɐ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | salter |
| solario | /so.ˈla.ɾjo/ | solário | /su.ˈla.ɾju/ | solarium |
| velador | /be.la.ˈðoɾ/ | velador | /vɨ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | watcher, night-table |
| caloroso | /ka.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | caloroso | /kɐ.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | warm, hearty |
| doloroso | /do.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | doloroso | /du.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | painful, sorrowful |
| gloriosa | /glo.ˈɾjo.sa/ | gloriosa | /glu.ˈɾjo.zɐ/ | glorious (fem) |
| glorioso | /glo.ˈɾjo.so/ | glorioso | /glu.ˈɾjo.zu/ | glorious |
| ladrador | /la.ðɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | ladrador | /lɐ.dɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | barker |
| liberada | /li.βe.ˈɾa.ða/ | liberada | /li.bɨ.ˈɾa.dɐ/ | freed, liberated |
| liberado | /li.βe.ˈɾa.ðo/ | liberado | /li.bɨ.ˈɾa.du/ | freed, liberated |
| libertad | /li.βeɾ.ˈtað/ | liberdade | /li.bɨɾ.ˈda.dɨ/ | liberty |
| librador | /li.βɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | livrador | /liv.ɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | deliverer |
| luminoso | /lu.mi.ˈno.so/ | luminoso | /lu.mi.ˈno.zu/ | luminous |
| palatina | /pa.la.ˈti.na/ | palatina | /pɐ.lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/ | palatine |
| palatino | /pa.la.ˈti.no/ | palatino | /pɐ.lɐ.ˈti.nu/ | palatine |
| política | /po.ˈli.ti.ka/ | política | /pu.ˈli.ti.kɐ/ | politics |
| político | /po.ˈli.ti.ko/ | político | /pu.ˈli.ti.ku/ | political |
| valoroso | /ba.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | valoroso | /vɐ.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | valorous, brave |
| alargador | /a.laɾ.ɣa.ˈðoɾ/ | alargador | /ɐ.lɐɾ.gɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | lengthener, extender |
| lacrimoso | /la.kɾi.ˈmo.so/ | lacrimoso | /lɐ.kɾi.ˈmo.zu/ | tearful |
| cristalina | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.na/ | cristalina | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nɐ/ | crystalline |
| cristalino | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.no/ | cristalino | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nu/ | crystalline |
| leda | /ˈle.ða/ | leda | /ˈle.dɐ/ | happy, glad (fem, literary/archaic) |
| ledo | /ˈle.ðo/ | ledo | /ˈle.du/ | happy (archaic, poetic) |
| lada | /ˈla.ða/ | lada | /ˈla.dɐ/ | broad (archaic |
| lana | /ˈla.na/ | lã | /lɐ̃/ | wool |
| leve | /ˈle.βe/ | leve | /ˈlɛ.vɨ/ | light |
| león | /le.ˈon/ | leão | /ljɐ̃w/ | lion |
| liar | /ljaɾ/ | liar | /li.ˈaɾ/ | to bind, tie |
| loba | /ˈlo.βa/ | loba | /ˈlɔ.bɐ/ | she-wolf |
| tela | /ˈte.la/ | tela | /ˈtɛ.lɐ/ | cloth, fabric |
| vela | /ˈbe.la/ | vela | /ˈvɛ.lɐ/ | candle |
| hielo | /ˈje.lo/ | gelo | /ˈʒe.lu/ | frost, ice |
| leche | /ˈle.tʃe/ | leite | /ˈlej.tɨ/ | milk |
| lecho | /ˈle.tʃo/ | leito | /ˈlej.tu/ | bed |
| lenta | /ˈlen.ta/ | lenta | /ˈlẽ.tɐ/ | slow |
| lento | /ˈlen.to/ | lento | /ˈlẽ.tu/ | slow |
| luego | /ˈlwe.ɣo/ | logo | /ˈlɔ.gu/ | soon, then |
| siglo | /ˈsi.glo/ | século | /ˈsɛ.ku.lu/ | century |
| suelo | /ˈswe.lo/ | solo | /ˈsɔ.lu/ | ground |
| bélica | /ˈbe.li.ka/ | bélica | /ˈbɛ.li.kɐ/ | warlike |
| bélico | /ˈbe.li.ko/ | bélico | /ˈbɛ.li.ku/ | warlike |
| gloria | /ˈglo.ɾja/ | glória | /ˈglɔ.ɾjɐ/ | glory |
| ladrón | /la.ˈðɾon/ | ladrão | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃w/ | thief |
| lanosa | /la.ˈno.sa/ | lanosa | /lɐ.ˈnɔ.zɐ/ | woolly |
| lengua | /ˈleŋ.gwa/ | língua | /ˈlĩ.gwɐ/ | tongue, language |
| liebre | /ˈlje.βɾe/ | lebre | /ˈlɛ.bɾɨ/ | hare |
| limosa | /li.ˈmo.sa/ | limosa | /li.ˈmɔ.zɐ/ | muddy |
| loante | /lo.ˈan.te/ | louvante | /low.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | praising |
| lógica | /ˈlo.xi.ka/ | lógica | /ˈlɔ.ʒi.kɐ/ | logic |
| lógico | /ˈlo.xi.ko/ | lógico | /ˈlɔ.ʒi.ku/ | logical |
| templo | /ˈtem.plo/ | templo | /ˈtẽ.plu/ | temple |
| calante | /ka.ˈlan.te/ | calante | /kɐ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | silencing |
| escuela | /es.ˈkwe.la/ | escola | /ɨʃ.ˈkɔ.lɐ/ | school |
| globosa | /glo.ˈβo.sa/ | globosa | /glu.ˈbɔ.zɐ/ | globular |
| lavante | /la.ˈβan.te/ | lavante | /lɐ.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | washing |
| lección | /lek.ˈθjon/ | lição | /li.ˈsɐ̃w/ | lesson, lecture |
| leprosa | /le.ˈpɾo.sa/ | leprosa | /lɨ.ˈpɾɔ.zɐ/ | leprous (fem) |
| levante | /le.ˈβan.te/ | levante | /lɨ.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | east, the Levant |
| limante | /li.ˈman.te/ | limante | /li.ˈmɐ̃.tɨ/ | filing |
| locante | /lo.ˈkan.te/ | locante | /lu.ˈkɐ̃.tɨ/ | renter, locator |
| límpida | /ˈlim.pi.ða/ | límpida | /ˈlĩ.pi.dɐ/ | clear, transparent (fem) |
| límpido | /ˈlim.pi.ðo/ | límpido | /ˈlĩ.pi.du/ | clear, transparent |
| salante | /sa.ˈlan.te/ | salante | /sɐ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | salting |
| velante | /be.ˈlan.te/ | velante | /vɨ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | veiling |
| volante | /bo.ˈlan.te/ | volante | /vu.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | flying, steering wheel |
| calorosa | /ka.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | calorosa | /kɐ.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | warm, hearty (fem) |
| dolorosa | /do.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | dolorosa | /du.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | painful, sorrowful |
| elegante | /e.le.ˈɣan.te/ | elegante | /ɨ.lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.tɨ/ | elegant |
| ladrante | /la.ˈðɾan.te/ | ladrante | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | barking |
| lechante | /le.ˈtʃan.te/ | leitante | /lej.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | suckling, milk-giving |
| luciente | /lu.ˈθjen.te/ | lucente | /lu.ˈsẽ.tɨ/ | shining, bright |
| luminosa | /lu.mi.ˈno.sa/ | luminosa | /lu.mi.ˈnɔ.zɐ/ | luminous |
| relación | /re.la.ˈθjon/ | relação | /ʁɨ.lɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | relation, relationship |
| valiente | /ba.ˈljen.te/ | valente | /vɐ.ˈlẽ.tɨ/ | valiant |
| valorosa | /ba.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | valorosa | /vɐ.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | valorous, brave (fem) |
| lacrimosa | /la.kɾi.ˈmo.sa/ | lacrimosa | /lɐ.kɾi.ˈmɔ.zɐ/ | tearful |
| liberante | /li.βe.ˈɾan.te/ | liberante | /li.bɨ.ˈɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | freeing |
| vigilante | /bi.xi.ˈlan.te/ | vigilante | /vi.ʒi.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | vigilant, watchful |
| loando | /lo.ˈan.do/ | louvando | /low.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | praising (gerund) |
| luengo | /ˈlweŋ.go/ | longo | /ˈlõ.gu/ | long (archaic) |
| calando | /ka.ˈlan.do/ | calando | /kɐ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | lowering (gerund) |
| lavando | /la.ˈβan.do/ | lavando | /lɐ.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | washing (gerund) |
| levando | /le.ˈβan.do/ | levando | /lɨ.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | lifting (gerund) |
| limando | /li.ˈman.do/ | limando | /li.ˈmɐ̃.du/ | filing (gerund) |
| locando | /lo.ˈkan.do/ | locando | /lu.ˈkɐ̃.du/ | renting (gerund) |
| salando | /sa.ˈlan.do/ | salando | /sɐ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | salting (gerund) |
| velando | /be.ˈlan.do/ | velando | /vɨ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | veiling, watching over (gerund) |
| ladrando | /la.ˈðɾan.do/ | ladrando | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃.du/ | barking (gerund) |
| alargando | /a.laɾ.ˈɣan.do/ | alargando | /ɐ.lɐɾ.ˈgɐ̃.du/ | lengthening (gerund) |
| liberando | /li.βe.ˈɾan.do/ | liberando | /li.bɨ.ˈɾɐ̃.du/ | freeing (gerund) |
| legando | /le.ˈɣan.do/ | legando | /lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.du/ | binding (gerund |
| legante | /le.ˈɣan.te/ | legante | /lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.tɨ/ | binding (rare |
| hula | /ˈu.la/ | hula | /ˈu.lɐ/ | hula, Hawaiian dance |
| iglú | /i.ˈɣlu/ | iglu | /i.ˈglu/ | igloo |
| laca | /ˈla.ka/ | laca | /ˈla.kɐ/ | lacquer, lac |
| loot | /lut/ | loot | /lut/ | loot, booty |
| sala | /ˈsa.la/ | sala | /ˈsa.lɐ/ | room, hall |
| aloha | /a.ˈlo.a/ | aloha | /ɐ.ˈlo.ɐ/ | aloha |
| balut | /ba.ˈlut/ | balut | /bɐ.ˈlut/ | balut, fertilized duck egg |
| blitz | /blits/ | blitz | /blits/ | blitz |
| chile | /ˈtʃi.le/ | chile | /ˈtʃi.lɨ/ | chili pepper |
| golem | /ˈgo.lem/ | golem | /ˈgo.lẽ/ | golem |
| halal | /a.ˈlal/ | halal | /ɐ.ˈlaɫ/ | halal |
| lager | /ˈla.ɣeɾ/ | lager | /ˈla.gɨɾ/ | lager, bottom-fermented beer |
| lassi | /ˈla.si/ | lassi | /ˈla.si/ | lassi, yogurt drink |
| lichi | /ˈli.tʃi/ | lichia | /ˈli.ʃi.ɐ/ | lichi |
| lista | /ˈlis.ta/ | lista | /ˈliʃ.tɐ/ | list, stripe |
| lokum | /lo.ˈkum/ | lokum | /lu.ˈkum/ | lokum, Turkish delight |
| qibla | /ˈki.bla/ | qibla | /ˈki.blɐ/ | qibla, prayer direction |
| alarde | /a.ˈlaɾ.ðe/ | alarde | /ɐ.ˈlaɾ.dɨ/ | show, display, boast |
| aliyah | /a.ˈli.ja/ | aliyah | /ɐ.ˈli.jɐ/ | aliyah, immigration to Israel |
| califa | /ka.ˈli.fa/ | califa | /kɐ.ˈli.fɐ/ | caliph |
| cábala | /ˈka.βa.la/ | cábala | /ˈka.bɐ.lɐ/ | cábala |
| elixir | /e.lik.ˈsiɾ/ | elixir | /ɨ.li.ˈʃiɾ/ | elixir |
| glitch | /glitʃ/ | glitch | /gliʃ/ | glitch, malfunction |
| gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulache | /gu.ˈla.ʃɨ/ | gulash |
| gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulash |
| jabalí | /xa.βa.ˈli/ | javali | /ʒɐ.vɐ.ˈli/ | wild boar |
| jalebi | /xa.ˈle.βi/ | jalebi | /ʒɐ.ˈle.bi/ | jalebi, fried sweet |
| mahalo | /ma.ˈa.lo/ | mahalo | /mɐ.ˈa.lu/ | mahalo, thank you |
| masala | /ma.ˈsa.la/ | masala | /mɐ.ˈza.lɐ/ | masala, spice mix |
| alacrán | /a.la.ˈkɾan/ | lacrau | /lɐ.ˈkɾaw/ | scorpion |
| atalaya | /a.ta.ˈla.ja/ | atalaia | /ɐ.tɐ.ˈla.jɐ/ | watchtower |
| azulejo | /a.θu.ˈle.xo/ | azulejo | /ɐ.zu.ˈle.ʒu/ | ceramic tile, glazed tile |
| baklava | /ba.ˈkla.βa/ | baclava | /bɐ.ˈkla.vɐ/ | baklava |
| baklava | /ba.ˈkla.βa/ | baklava | /bɐ.ˈkla.vɐ/ | baklava |
| calibre | /ka.ˈli.βɾe/ | calibre | /kɐ.ˈli.bɾɨ/ | caliber |
| falafel | /fa.ˈla.fel/ | falafel | /fɐ.ˈlafɛw/ | falafel |
| lakshmi | /lakʃ.ˈmi/ | lakshmi | /lɐkʃ.ˈmi/ | Lakshmi, Hindu goddess |
| mandala | /man.ˈda.la/ | mandala | /mɐ̃.ˈda.lɐ/ | mandala |
| tequila | /te.ˈki.la/ | tequila | /tɨ.ˈki.lɐ/ | tequila |
| ukelele | /u.ke.ˈle.le/ | ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.lɨ/ | ukelele |
| ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.le/ | ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.lɨ/ | ukulele |
| glasnost | /glas.ˈnost/ | glasnost | /glɐʒ.ˈnoʃt/ | glasnost |
| bailarina | /baj.la.ˈɾi.na/ | bailarina | /bɐjlɐ.ˈɾi.nɐ/ | dancer (f.) |
| chocolate | /tʃo.ko.ˈla.te/ | chocolate | /ʃu.ku.ˈla.tɨ/ | chocolate |
| escarlata | /es.kaɾ.ˈla.ta/ | escarlate | /iʃ.kɐɾ.ˈla.tɨ/ | scarlet |
| leitmotiv | /lejt.mo.ˈtif/ | leitmotiv | /lejt.mu.ˈtiv/ | leitmotiv |
| alarife | /a.la.ˈɾi.fe/ | alarife | /ɐ.lɐ.ˈɾi.fɨ/ | master builder (archaic) |
| lox | /loks/ | lox | /lɔkʃ/ | lox, cured salmon |
| loka | /ˈlo.ka/ | loka | /ˈlɔ.kɐ/ | loka, world |
| luau | /lu.ˈa.u/ | luau | /lu.ˈaw/ | luau |
| limón | /li.ˈmon/ | limão | /li.ˈmɐ̃w/ | lemon |
| pilaf | /pi.ˈlaf/ | pilau | /pi.ˈlaw/ | pilaf, rice dish |
| shalom | /ʃa.ˈlom/ | shalom | /ʃɐ.ˈlõ/ | shalom |
| shtetl | /ʃtetl/ | shtetl | /ʃtɛtl/ | shtetl, Jewish small town |
| alacrán | /a.la.ˈkɾan/ | alacrão | /ɐ.lɐ.ˈkɾɐ̃w/ | scorpion |
| klezmer | /ˈkles.meɾ/ | klezmer | /ˈklɛz.mɨɾ/ | klezmer, Jewish folk music |
| bungalow | /buŋ.ˈga.lo/ | bangalo | /bɐ̃.ga.ˈlo/ | bungalow, single-story house |
| guacamole | /gwa.ka.ˈmo.le/ | guacamole | /gwɐ.kɐ.ˈmɔ.lɨ/ | guacamole |
→ /ɾ/⟨r⟩ · not coda initial · 10
outcome
/ɾ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| plata | /ˈpla.ta/ | prata | /ˈpɾa.tɐ/ | silver |
| playa | /ˈplaj.a/ | praia | /ˈpɾaj.ɐ/ | beach |
| plaza | /ˈpla.θa/ | praça | /ˈpɾa.sɐ/ | square |
| placer | /pla.ˈθeɾ/ | prazer | /pɾɐ.ˈzeɾ/ | to please |
| iglesia | /i.ˈɣle.sja/ | igreja | /i.ˈgɾe.ʒɐ/ | church |
| flojo | /ˈflo.xo/ | frouxo | /ˈfɾow.ʃu/ | loose, slack, lazy |
| regla | /ˈre.ɣla/ | regra | /ˈʁɛ.gɾɐ/ | rule |
| blanca | /ˈblaŋ.ka/ | branca | /ˈbɾɐ̃.kɐ/ | white |
| blanco | /ˈblaŋ.ko/ | branco | /ˈbɾɐ̃.ku/ | white |
| placiente | /pla.ˈθjen.te/ | prazente | /pɾɐ.ˈzẽ.tɨ/ | pleasing |
/ʎ/⟨ll⟩ → /ʃ, l/61 pairs
source
/ʎ/
→ /ʃ/⟨ch⟩ · word initial, before front vowel · 5
outcome
/ʃ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| llegar | /ʎe.ˈɣaɾ/ | chegar | /ʃɨ.ˈgaɾ/ | to arrive |
| llegada | /ʎe.ˈɣa.ða/ | chegada | /ʃɨ.ˈga.dɐ/ | arrival, arrived (feminine) |
| llegado | /ʎe.ˈɣa.ðo/ | chegado | /ʃɨ.ˈga.du/ | arrived (masculine past participle) |
| llena | /ˈʎe.na/ | cheia | /ˈʃej.ɐ/ | full |
| lleno | /ˈʎe.no/ | cheio | /ˈʃej.u/ | full |
→ /l/⟨l⟩ · word initial, before front vowel · 4
outcome/l/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| llevar | /ʎe.ˈβaɾ/ | levar | /lɨ.ˈvaɾ/ | to carry, take |
| llevada | /ʎe.ˈβa.ða/ | levada | /lɨ.ˈva.dɐ/ | carried, taken (feminine) |
| llevado | /ʎe.ˈβa.ðo/ | levado | /lɨ.ˈva.du/ | carried, taken |
| llevador | /ʎe.βa.ˈðoɾ/ | levador | /lɨ.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | carrier |
→ /ʃ/⟨ch⟩ · word initial, not before front vowel · 25
outcome/ʃ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| llaga | /ˈʎa.ɣa/ | chaga | /ˈʃa.gɐ/ | wound |
| llama | /ˈʎa.ma/ | chama | /ˈʃa.mɐ/ | flame |
| llave | /ˈʎa.βe/ | chave | /ˈʃa.vɨ/ | key |
| lloro | /ˈʎo.ɾo/ | choro | /ˈʃo.ɾu/ | weeping (noun) |
| llamar | /ʎa.ˈmaɾ/ | chamar | /ʃɐ.ˈmaɾ/ | to call |
| llorar | /ʎo.ˈɾaɾ/ | chorar | /ʃu.ˈɾaɾ/ | to weep |
| llover | /ʎo.ˈβeɾ/ | chover | /ʃu.ˈveɾ/ | to rain |
| lluvia | /ˈʎu.βja/ | chuva | /ˈʃu.vɐ/ | rain |
| llamada | /ʎa.ˈma.ða/ | chamada | /ʃɐ.ˈma.dɐ/ | called (feminine), call |
| llamado | /ʎa.ˈma.ðo/ | chamado | /ʃɐ.ˈma.du/ | called |
| llorada | /ʎo.ˈɾa.ða/ | chorada | /ʃu.ˈɾa.dɐ/ | wept |
| llorado | /ʎo.ˈɾa.ðo/ | chorado | /ʃu.ˈɾa.du/ | wept |
| llorosa | /ʎo.ˈɾo.sa/ | chorosa | /ʃu.ˈɾo.zɐ/ | tearful (feminine) |
| lloroso | /ʎo.ˈɾo.so/ | choroso | /ʃu.ˈɾo.zu/ | tearful |
| llamador | /ʎa.ma.ˈðoɾ/ | chamador | /ʃɐ.mɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | caller, knocker |
| llorador | /ʎo.ɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | chorador | /ʃu.ɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | weeper |
| lluviosa | /ʎuβ.ˈjo.sa/ | chuvosa | /ʃu.ˈvo.zɐ/ | rainy (feminine) |
| lluvioso | /ʎuβ.ˈjo.so/ | chuvoso | /ʃu.ˈvo.zu/ | rainy |
| llamativo | /ʎa.ma.ˈti.βo/ | chamativo | /ʃɐ.mɐ.ˈti.vu/ | eye-catching, attention-grabbing |
| llano | /ˈʎa.no/ | chão | /ʃɐ̃w/ | flat, plain |
| llavero | /ʎa.ˈβe.ɾo/ | chaveiro | /ʃɐ.ˈvej.ɾu/ | key ring, key holder |
| llamante | /ʎa.ˈman.te/ | chamante | /ʃɐ.ˈmɐ̃.tɨ/ | calling, caller |
| llorante | /ʎo.ˈɾan.te/ | chorante | /ʃu.ˈɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | weeping |
| llamando | /ʎa.ˈman.do/ | chamando | /ʃɐ.ˈmɐ̃.du/ | calling (gerund) |
| llorando | /ʎo.ˈɾan.do/ | chorando | /ʃu.ˈɾɐ̃.du/ | weeping (gerund) |
→ /l/⟨l⟩ · not word initial · 27
outcome/l/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| allí | /a.ˈʎi/ | ali | /ɐ.ˈli/ | there |
| ellos | /ˈe.ʎos/ | eles | /ˈe.lɨʃ/ | they (masc pl) |
| gallo | /ˈga.ʎo/ | galo | /ˈga.lu/ | rooster, cock |
| valle | /ˈba.ʎe/ | vale | /ˈva.lɨ/ | valley |
| villa | /ˈbi.ʎa/ | vila | /ˈvi.lɐ/ | town, villa |
| caballa | /ka.ˈβa.ʎa/ | cavala | /kɐ.ˈva.lɐ/ | mackerel (semantic shift) |
| caballo | /ka.ˈβa.ʎo/ | cavalo | /kɐ.ˈva.lu/ | horse |
| cabello | /ka.ˈβe.ʎo/ | cabelo | /kɐ.ˈbe.lu/ | hair |
| calloso | /ka.ˈʎo.so/ | caloso | /kɐ.ˈlo.zu/ | callous |
| gallina | /ga.ˈʎi.na/ | galinha | /gɐ.ˈli.ɲɐ/ | hen |
| ella | /ˈe.ʎa/ | ela | /ˈɛ.lɐ/ | she |
| bella | /ˈbe.ʎa/ | bela | /ˈbɛ.lɐ/ | beautiful |
| bello | /ˈbe.ʎo/ | belo | /ˈbɛ.lu/ | beautiful |
| ellas | /ˈe.ʎas/ | elas | /ˈɛ.lɐʃ/ | they (fem pl) |
| cuello | /ˈkwe.ʎo/ | colo | /ˈkɔ.lu/ | neck |
| muelle | /ˈmwe.ʎe/ | mole | /ˈmɔ.lɨ/ | soft, spring, dock |
| aquella | /a.ˈke.ʎa/ | aquela | /ɐ.ˈkɛ.lɐ/ | that one (yonder, fem) |
| aquello | /a.ˈke.ʎo/ | aquilo | /ɐ.ˈki.lu/ | that (neuter) |
| callosa | /ka.ˈʎo.sa/ | calosa | /kɐ.ˈlɔ.zɐ/ | callous |
| villano | /bi.ˈʎa.no/ | vilão | /vi.ˈlɐ̃w/ | serf, villain |
| amarilla | /a.ma.ˈɾi.ʎa/ | amarela | /ɐ.mɐ.ˈɾɛ.lɐ/ | yellow (fem) |
| amarillo | /a.ma.ˈɾi.ʎo/ | amarelo | /ɐ.mɐ.ˈɾɛ.lu/ | yellow |
| castillo | /kas.ˈti.ʎo/ | castelo | /kɐʃ.ˈtɛ.lu/ | castle |
| caballero | /ka.βa.ˈʎe.ɾo/ | cavaleiro | /kɐ.vɐ.ˈlej.ɾu/ | knight, gentleman |
| fradiello | /fɾa.ˈðje.ʎo/ | fraelu | /fɾɐ.ˈɛ.lu/ | little brother (Late Latin diminutive of FRATER) |
| chinchilla | /tʃin.ˈtʃi.ʎa/ | chinchila | /ʃin.ˈʃi.lɐ/ | chinchilla |
| bellota | /be.ˈʎo.ta/ | bolota | /bu.ˈlɔ.tɐ/ | acorn |
Portuguese → Spanish
/l/⟨l⟩ → /l, ʎ/302 pairs
source/l/
→ /l/⟨l⟩ · 271
outcome/l/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ala | /ˈa.la/ | ala | /ˈa.lɐ/ | wing |
| luz | /luθ/ | luz | /luʃ/ | light |
| flor | /floɾ/ | flor | /floɾ/ | flower |
| lado | /ˈla.ðo/ | lado | /ˈla.du/ | side |
| lago | /ˈla.ɣo/ | lago | /ˈla.gu/ | lake |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| leal | /le.ˈal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | loyal, faithful |
| leer | /le.ˈeɾ/ | ler | /leɾ/ | to read |
| leño | /ˈle.ɲo/ | lenho | /ˈle.ɲu/ | log |
| lino | /ˈli.no/ | linho | /ˈli.ɲu/ | flax, linen |
| loar | /lo.ˈaɾ/ | louvar | /low.ˈvaɾ/ | to praise |
| lobo | /ˈlo.βo/ | lobo | /ˈlo.bu/ | wolf |
| lodo | /ˈlo.ðo/ | lodo | /ˈlo.du/ | mud |
| luna | /ˈlu.na/ | lua | /ˈlu.ɐ/ | moon |
| mula | /ˈmu.la/ | mula | /ˈmu.lɐ/ | mule |
| pelo | /ˈpe.lo/ | pelo | /ˈpe.lu/ | hair |
| piel | /pjel/ | pele | /ˈpɛ.lɨ/ | skin |
| calda | /ˈkal.da/ | cálida | /ˈka.li.dɐ/ | hot, warm |
| calor | /ka.ˈloɾ/ | calor | /kɐ.ˈloɾ/ | heat |
| clara | /ˈkla.ɾa/ | clara | /ˈkla.ɾɐ/ | clear (feminine) |
| claro | /ˈkla.ɾo/ | claro | /ˈkla.ɾu/ | clear |
| falaz | /fa.ˈlaθ/ | falaz | /fɐ.ˈlaʃ/ | deceitful, fallacious |
| feliz | /fe.ˈliθ/ | feliz | /fɨ.ˈliʃ/ | happy, fortunate |
| labor | /la.ˈβoɾ/ | lavor | /lɐ.ˈvoɾ/ | labor, work |
| lardo | /ˈlaɾ.ðo/ | lardo | /ˈlaɾ.du/ | lard |
| larga | /ˈlaɾ.ɣa/ | larga | /ˈlaɾ.gɐ/ | wide, long |
| largo | /ˈlaɾ.ɣo/ | largo | /ˈlaɾ.gu/ | long (FALSE FRIEND with Portuguese: Spanish 'largo' = long, Portuguese 'largo' = wide) |
| lavar | /la.ˈβaɾ/ | lavar | /lɐ.ˈvaɾ/ | to wash |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | legal | /lɨ.ˈgaɫ/ | legal |
| legal | /le.ˈɣal/ | leal | /lɨ.ˈaɫ/ | legal |
| letra | /ˈle.tɾa/ | letra | /ˈle.tɾɐ/ | letter |
| libra | /ˈli.βɾa/ | libra | /ˈli.bɾɐ/ | pound |
| libre | /ˈli.βɾe/ | livre | /ˈliv.ɾɨ/ | free |
| libro | /ˈli.βɾo/ | livro | /ˈliv.ɾu/ | book |
| limar | /li.ˈmaɾ/ | limar | /li.ˈmaɾ/ | to file, smooth |
| loada | /lo.ˈa.ða/ | louvada | /low.ˈva.dɐ/ | praised (feminine) |
| loado | /lo.ˈa.ðo/ | louvado | /low.ˈva.du/ | praised |
| locar | /lo.ˈkaɾ/ | locar | /lu.ˈkaɾ/ | to rent, place |
| lugar | /lu.ˈɣaɾ/ | lugar | /lu.ˈgaɾ/ | place |
| lunar | /lu.ˈnaɾ/ | lunar | /lu.ˈnaɾ/ | lunar |
| línea | /ˈli.ne.a/ | linha | /ˈli.ɲɐ/ | line |
| oliva | /o.ˈli.βa/ | oliva | /u.ˈli.vɐ/ | olive |
| pluma | /ˈplu.ma/ | pluma | /ˈplu.mɐ/ | feather, pen |
| salar | /sa.ˈlaɾ/ | salar | /sɐ.ˈlaɾ/ | to salt |
| solar | /so.ˈlaɾ/ | solar | /su.ˈlaɾ/ | solar |
| valer | /ba.ˈleɾ/ | valer | /vɐ.ˈleɾ/ | to be worth |
| valor | /ba.ˈloɾ/ | valor | /vɐ.ˈloɾ/ | value |
| velar | /be.ˈlaɾ/ | velar | /vɨ.ˈlaɾ/ | to veil, watch over |
| bailar | /baj.ˈlaɾ/ | bailar | /baj.ˈlaɾ/ | to dance |
| calada | /ka.ˈla.ða/ | calada | /kɐ.ˈla.dɐ/ | silenced, soaked (feminine) |
| calado | /ka.ˈla.ðo/ | calado | /kɐ.ˈla.du/ | silenced, soaked |
| clamor | /kla.ˈmoɾ/ | clamor | /klɐ.ˈmoɾ/ | clamor, uproar |
| cálida | /ˈka.li.ða/ | cálida | /ˈka.li.dɐ/ | warm, hot (fem) |
| cálido | /ˈka.li.ðo/ | cálido | /ˈka.li.du/ | warm, hot |
| escala | /es.ˈka.la/ | escala | /ɨʃ.ˈka.lɐ/ | stair, scale |
| felina | /fe.ˈli.na/ | felina | /fɨ.ˈli.nɐ/ | feline |
| felino | /fe.ˈli.no/ | felino | /fɨ.ˈli.nu/ | feline |
| fluida | /ˈflu.i.ða/ | fluida | /ˈflu.i.dɐ/ | fluid |
| fluido | /ˈflu.i.ðo/ | fluido | /ˈflu.i.du/ | fluid |
| hablar | /a.ˈβlaɾ/ | falar | /fɐ.ˈlaɾ/ | to speak |
| ladrar | /la.ˈðɾaɾ/ | ladrar | /lɐ.ˈdɾaɾ/ | to bark |
| lanoso | /la.ˈno.so/ | lanoso | /lɐ.ˈno.zu/ | woolly |
| latina | /la.ˈti.na/ | latina | /lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/ | Latin |
| latino | /la.ˈti.no/ | latino | /lɐ.ˈti.nu/ | Latin |
| lavada | /la.ˈβa.ða/ | lavada | /lɐ.ˈva.dɐ/ | washed |
| lavado | /la.ˈβa.ðo/ | lavado | /lɐ.ˈva.du/ | washed |
| legada | /le.ˈɣa.ða/ | legada | /lɨ.ˈga.dɐ/ | tied (feminine) |
| legado | /le.ˈɣa.ðo/ | legado | /lɨ.ˈga.du/ | tied, bequest, legacy |
| librar | /li.ˈβɾaɾ/ | livrar | /liv.ˈɾaɾ/ | to free, save, deliver |
| limada | /li.ˈma.ða/ | limada | /li.ˈma.dɐ/ | filed, smoothed (feminine) |
| limado | /li.ˈma.ðo/ | limado | /li.ˈma.du/ | filed, smoothed |
| límite | /ˈli.mi.te/ | limite | /ˈli.mi.tɨ/ | limit |
| limoso | /li.ˈmo.so/ | limoso | /li.ˈmo.zu/ | muddy |
| loador | /lo.a.ˈðoɾ/ | louvador | /low.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | praiser |
| locada | /lo.ˈka.ða/ | locada | /lu.ˈka.dɐ/ | rented, placed |
| locado | /lo.ˈka.ðo/ | locado | /lu.ˈka.du/ | rented, placed |
| luchar | /lu.ˈtʃaɾ/ | lutar | /lu.ˈtaɾ/ | to fight |
| lívida | /ˈli.βi.ða/ | lívida | /ˈli.vi.dɐ/ | livid (fem) |
| lívido | /ˈli.βi.ðo/ | lívido | /ˈli.vi.du/ | livid, bluish |
| lúcida | /ˈlu.θi.ða/ | lúcida | /ˈlu.si.dɐ/ | lucid, bright (fem) |
| lúcido | /ˈlu.θi.ðo/ | lúcido | /ˈlu.si.du/ | lucid, bright |
| plural | /plu.ˈɾal/ | plural | /plu.ˈɾaɫ/ | plural |
| pálida | /ˈpa.li.ða/ | pálida | /ˈpa.li.dɐ/ | pale (fem) |
| pálido | /ˈpa.li.ðo/ | pálido | /ˈpa.li.du/ | pale |
| salada | /sa.ˈla.ða/ | salada | /sɐ.ˈla.dɐ/ | salted, salad |
| salado | /sa.ˈla.ðo/ | salado | /sɐ.ˈla.du/ | salted, salty |
| salida | /sa.ˈli.ða/ | salida | /sɐ.ˈli.dɐ/ | left, gone out (feminine), exit |
| salido | /sa.ˈli.ðo/ | salido | /sɐ.ˈli.du/ | left, gone out |
| velado | /be.ˈla.ðo/ | velado | /vɨ.ˈla.du/ | veiled, watched over |
| válida | /ˈba.li.ða/ | válida | /ˈva.li.dɐ/ | valid (fem) |
| válido | /ˈba.li.ðo/ | válido | /ˈva.li.du/ | valid |
| clásica | /ˈkla.si.ka/ | clássica | /ˈkla.si.kɐ/ | classical |
| clásico | /ˈkla.si.ko/ | clássico | /ˈkla.si.ku/ | classical |
| delador | /de.la.ˈðoɾ/ | delador | /dɨ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | informer, accuser |
| globoso | /glo.ˈβo.so/ | globoso | /glu.ˈbo.zu/ | globular |
| itálica | /i.ˈta.li.ka/ | itálica | /i.ˈta.li.kɐ/ | Italic, italic |
| itálico | /i.ˈta.li.ko/ | itálico | /i.ˈta.li.ku/ | Italic, italic |
| ladrada | /la.ˈðɾa.ða/ | ladrada | /lɐ.ˈdɾa.dɐ/ | barked (feminine) |
| ladrado | /la.ˈðɾa.ðo/ | ladrado | /lɐ.ˈdɾa.du/ | barked |
| lavador | /la.βa.ˈðoɾ/ | lavador | /lɐ.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | washer |
| lectura | /lek.ˈtu.ɾa/ | leitura | /lej.ˈtu.ɾɐ/ | reading |
| legador | /le.ɣa.ˈðoɾ/ | legador | /lɨ.gɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | binder, bequeather |
| leonina | /le.o.ˈni.na/ | leonina | /lɨ.u.ˈni.nɐ/ | lion-like |
| leonino | /le.o.ˈni.no/ | leonino | /lɨ.u.ˈni.nu/ | lion-like |
| leproso | /le.ˈpɾo.so/ | leproso | /lɨ.ˈpɾo.zu/ | leprous |
| levedad | /le.βe.ˈðað/ | levidade | /lɨ.vi.ˈda.dɨ/ | lightness, levity |
| limador | /li.ma.ˈðoɾ/ | limador | /li.mɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | filer |
| locador | /lo.ka.ˈðoɾ/ | locador | /lu.kɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | lessor, placer |
| lágrima | /ˈla.ɣɾi.ma/ | lágrima | /ˈla.gɾi.mɐ/ | tear |
| líquida | /ˈli.kwi.ða/ | líquida | /ˈli.kwi.dɐ/ | liquid (fem) |
| líquido | /ˈli.kwi.ðo/ | líquido | /ˈli.kwi.du/ | liquid |
| militar | /mi.li.ˈtaɾ/ | militar | /mi.li.ˈtaɾ/ | military |
| palabra | /pa.ˈla.βɾa/ | palavra | /pɐ.ˈlav.ɾɐ/ | word |
| palacio | /pa.ˈla.θjo/ | palácio | /pɐ.ˈla.sju/ | palace |
| plácida | /ˈpla.θi.ða/ | plácida | /ˈpla.si.dɐ/ | placid, calm (fem) |
| plácido | /ˈpla.θi.ðo/ | plácido | /ˈpla.si.du/ | placid, calm |
| salador | /sa.la.ˈðoɾ/ | salador | /sɐ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | salter |
| solario | /so.ˈla.ɾjo/ | solário | /su.ˈla.ɾju/ | solarium |
| velador | /be.la.ˈðoɾ/ | velador | /vɨ.lɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | watcher, night-table |
| caloroso | /ka.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | caloroso | /kɐ.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | warm, hearty |
| doloroso | /do.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | doloroso | /du.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | painful, sorrowful |
| gloriosa | /glo.ˈɾjo.sa/ | gloriosa | /glu.ˈɾjo.zɐ/ | glorious (fem) |
| glorioso | /glo.ˈɾjo.so/ | glorioso | /glu.ˈɾjo.zu/ | glorious |
| ladrador | /la.ðɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | ladrador | /lɐ.dɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | barker |
| liberada | /li.βe.ˈɾa.ða/ | liberada | /li.bɨ.ˈɾa.dɐ/ | freed, liberated |
| liberado | /li.βe.ˈɾa.ðo/ | liberado | /li.bɨ.ˈɾa.du/ | freed, liberated |
| libertad | /li.βeɾ.ˈtað/ | liberdade | /li.bɨɾ.ˈda.dɨ/ | liberty |
| librador | /li.βɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | livrador | /liv.ɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | deliverer |
| luminoso | /lu.mi.ˈno.so/ | luminoso | /lu.mi.ˈno.zu/ | luminous |
| palatina | /pa.la.ˈti.na/ | palatina | /pɐ.lɐ.ˈti.nɐ/ | palatine |
| palatino | /pa.la.ˈti.no/ | palatino | /pɐ.lɐ.ˈti.nu/ | palatine |
| política | /po.ˈli.ti.ka/ | política | /pu.ˈli.ti.kɐ/ | politics |
| político | /po.ˈli.ti.ko/ | político | /pu.ˈli.ti.ku/ | political |
| valoroso | /ba.lo.ˈɾo.so/ | valoroso | /vɐ.lu.ˈɾo.zu/ | valorous, brave |
| alargador | /a.laɾ.ɣa.ˈðoɾ/ | alargador | /ɐ.lɐɾ.gɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | lengthener, extender |
| lacrimoso | /la.kɾi.ˈmo.so/ | lacrimoso | /lɐ.kɾi.ˈmo.zu/ | tearful |
| cristalina | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.na/ | cristalina | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nɐ/ | crystalline |
| cristalino | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.no/ | cristalino | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nu/ | crystalline |
| leda | /ˈle.ða/ | leda | /ˈle.dɐ/ | happy, glad (fem, literary/archaic) |
| ledo | /ˈle.ðo/ | ledo | /ˈle.du/ | happy (archaic, poetic) |
| lada | /ˈla.ða/ | lada | /ˈla.dɐ/ | broad (archaic |
| lana | /ˈla.na/ | lã | /lɐ̃/ | wool |
| leve | /ˈle.βe/ | leve | /ˈlɛ.vɨ/ | light |
| león | /le.ˈon/ | leão | /ljɐ̃w/ | lion |
| liar | /ljaɾ/ | liar | /li.ˈaɾ/ | to bind, tie |
| loba | /ˈlo.βa/ | loba | /ˈlɔ.bɐ/ | she-wolf |
| tela | /ˈte.la/ | tela | /ˈtɛ.lɐ/ | cloth, fabric |
| vela | /ˈbe.la/ | vela | /ˈvɛ.lɐ/ | candle |
| hielo | /ˈje.lo/ | gelo | /ˈʒe.lu/ | frost, ice |
| leche | /ˈle.tʃe/ | leite | /ˈlej.tɨ/ | milk |
| lecho | /ˈle.tʃo/ | leito | /ˈlej.tu/ | bed |
| lenta | /ˈlen.ta/ | lenta | /ˈlẽ.tɐ/ | slow |
| lento | /ˈlen.to/ | lento | /ˈlẽ.tu/ | slow |
| luego | /ˈlwe.ɣo/ | logo | /ˈlɔ.gu/ | soon, then |
| siglo | /ˈsi.glo/ | século | /ˈsɛ.ku.lu/ | century |
| suelo | /ˈswe.lo/ | solo | /ˈsɔ.lu/ | ground |
| bélica | /ˈbe.li.ka/ | bélica | /ˈbɛ.li.kɐ/ | warlike |
| bélico | /ˈbe.li.ko/ | bélico | /ˈbɛ.li.ku/ | warlike |
| gloria | /ˈglo.ɾja/ | glória | /ˈglɔ.ɾjɐ/ | glory |
| ladrón | /la.ˈðɾon/ | ladrão | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃w/ | thief |
| lanosa | /la.ˈno.sa/ | lanosa | /lɐ.ˈnɔ.zɐ/ | woolly |
| lengua | /ˈleŋ.gwa/ | língua | /ˈlĩ.gwɐ/ | tongue, language |
| liebre | /ˈlje.βɾe/ | lebre | /ˈlɛ.bɾɨ/ | hare |
| limosa | /li.ˈmo.sa/ | limosa | /li.ˈmɔ.zɐ/ | muddy |
| loante | /lo.ˈan.te/ | louvante | /low.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | praising |
| lógica | /ˈlo.xi.ka/ | lógica | /ˈlɔ.ʒi.kɐ/ | logic |
| lógico | /ˈlo.xi.ko/ | lógico | /ˈlɔ.ʒi.ku/ | logical |
| templo | /ˈtem.plo/ | templo | /ˈtẽ.plu/ | temple |
| calante | /ka.ˈlan.te/ | calante | /kɐ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | silencing |
| escuela | /es.ˈkwe.la/ | escola | /ɨʃ.ˈkɔ.lɐ/ | school |
| globosa | /glo.ˈβo.sa/ | globosa | /glu.ˈbɔ.zɐ/ | globular |
| lavante | /la.ˈβan.te/ | lavante | /lɐ.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | washing |
| lección | /lek.ˈθjon/ | lição | /li.ˈsɐ̃w/ | lesson, lecture |
| leprosa | /le.ˈpɾo.sa/ | leprosa | /lɨ.ˈpɾɔ.zɐ/ | leprous (fem) |
| levante | /le.ˈβan.te/ | levante | /lɨ.ˈvɐ̃.tɨ/ | east, the Levant |
| limante | /li.ˈman.te/ | limante | /li.ˈmɐ̃.tɨ/ | filing |
| locante | /lo.ˈkan.te/ | locante | /lu.ˈkɐ̃.tɨ/ | renter, locator |
| límpida | /ˈlim.pi.ða/ | límpida | /ˈlĩ.pi.dɐ/ | clear, transparent (fem) |
| límpido | /ˈlim.pi.ðo/ | límpido | /ˈlĩ.pi.du/ | clear, transparent |
| salante | /sa.ˈlan.te/ | salante | /sɐ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | salting |
| velante | /be.ˈlan.te/ | velante | /vɨ.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | veiling |
| volante | /bo.ˈlan.te/ | volante | /vu.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | flying, steering wheel |
| calorosa | /ka.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | calorosa | /kɐ.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | warm, hearty (fem) |
| dolorosa | /do.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | dolorosa | /du.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | painful, sorrowful |
| elegante | /e.le.ˈɣan.te/ | elegante | /ɨ.lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.tɨ/ | elegant |
| ladrante | /la.ˈðɾan.te/ | ladrante | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | barking |
| lechante | /le.ˈtʃan.te/ | leitante | /lej.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | suckling, milk-giving |
| luciente | /lu.ˈθjen.te/ | lucente | /lu.ˈsẽ.tɨ/ | shining, bright |
| luminosa | /lu.mi.ˈno.sa/ | luminosa | /lu.mi.ˈnɔ.zɐ/ | luminous |
| relación | /re.la.ˈθjon/ | relação | /ʁɨ.lɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | relation, relationship |
| valiente | /ba.ˈljen.te/ | valente | /vɐ.ˈlẽ.tɨ/ | valiant |
| valorosa | /ba.lo.ˈɾo.sa/ | valorosa | /vɐ.lu.ˈɾɔ.zɐ/ | valorous, brave (fem) |
| lacrimosa | /la.kɾi.ˈmo.sa/ | lacrimosa | /lɐ.kɾi.ˈmɔ.zɐ/ | tearful |
| liberante | /li.βe.ˈɾan.te/ | liberante | /li.bɨ.ˈɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | freeing |
| vigilante | /bi.xi.ˈlan.te/ | vigilante | /vi.ʒi.ˈlɐ̃.tɨ/ | vigilant, watchful |
| loando | /lo.ˈan.do/ | louvando | /low.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | praising (gerund) |
| luengo | /ˈlweŋ.go/ | longo | /ˈlõ.gu/ | long (archaic) |
| calando | /ka.ˈlan.do/ | calando | /kɐ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | lowering (gerund) |
| lavando | /la.ˈβan.do/ | lavando | /lɐ.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | washing (gerund) |
| levando | /le.ˈβan.do/ | levando | /lɨ.ˈvɐ̃.du/ | lifting (gerund) |
| limando | /li.ˈman.do/ | limando | /li.ˈmɐ̃.du/ | filing (gerund) |
| locando | /lo.ˈkan.do/ | locando | /lu.ˈkɐ̃.du/ | renting (gerund) |
| salando | /sa.ˈlan.do/ | salando | /sɐ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | salting (gerund) |
| velando | /be.ˈlan.do/ | velando | /vɨ.ˈlɐ̃.du/ | veiling, watching over (gerund) |
| ladrando | /la.ˈðɾan.do/ | ladrando | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃.du/ | barking (gerund) |
| alargando | /a.laɾ.ˈɣan.do/ | alargando | /ɐ.lɐɾ.ˈgɐ̃.du/ | lengthening (gerund) |
| liberando | /li.βe.ˈɾan.do/ | liberando | /li.bɨ.ˈɾɐ̃.du/ | freeing (gerund) |
| legando | /le.ˈɣan.do/ | legando | /lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.du/ | binding (gerund |
| legante | /le.ˈɣan.te/ | legante | /lɨ.ˈgɐ̃.tɨ/ | binding (rare |
| hula | /ˈu.la/ | hula | /ˈu.lɐ/ | hula, Hawaiian dance |
| iglú | /i.ˈɣlu/ | iglu | /i.ˈglu/ | igloo |
| laca | /ˈla.ka/ | laca | /ˈla.kɐ/ | lacquer, lac |
| loot | /lut/ | loot | /lut/ | loot, booty |
| sala | /ˈsa.la/ | sala | /ˈsa.lɐ/ | room, hall |
| aloha | /a.ˈlo.a/ | aloha | /ɐ.ˈlo.ɐ/ | aloha |
| balut | /ba.ˈlut/ | balut | /bɐ.ˈlut/ | balut, fertilized duck egg |
| blitz | /blits/ | blitz | /blits/ | blitz |
| chile | /ˈtʃi.le/ | chile | /ˈtʃi.lɨ/ | chili pepper |
| golem | /ˈgo.lem/ | golem | /ˈgo.lẽ/ | golem |
| halal | /a.ˈlal/ | halal | /ɐ.ˈlaɫ/ | halal |
| lager | /ˈla.ɣeɾ/ | lager | /ˈla.gɨɾ/ | lager, bottom-fermented beer |
| lassi | /ˈla.si/ | lassi | /ˈla.si/ | lassi, yogurt drink |
| lichi | /ˈli.tʃi/ | lichia | /ˈli.ʃi.ɐ/ | lichi |
| lista | /ˈlis.ta/ | lista | /ˈliʃ.tɐ/ | list, stripe |
| lokum | /lo.ˈkum/ | lokum | /lu.ˈkum/ | lokum, Turkish delight |
| qibla | /ˈki.bla/ | qibla | /ˈki.blɐ/ | qibla, prayer direction |
| alarde | /a.ˈlaɾ.ðe/ | alarde | /ɐ.ˈlaɾ.dɨ/ | show, display, boast |
| aliyah | /a.ˈli.ja/ | aliyah | /ɐ.ˈli.jɐ/ | aliyah, immigration to Israel |
| califa | /ka.ˈli.fa/ | califa | /kɐ.ˈli.fɐ/ | caliph |
| cábala | /ˈka.βa.la/ | cábala | /ˈka.bɐ.lɐ/ | cábala |
| elixir | /e.lik.ˈsiɾ/ | elixir | /ɨ.li.ˈʃiɾ/ | elixir |
| glitch | /glitʃ/ | glitch | /gliʃ/ | glitch, malfunction |
| gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulache | /gu.ˈla.ʃɨ/ | gulash |
| gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulash | /gu.ˈlaʃ/ | gulash |
| jabalí | /xa.βa.ˈli/ | javali | /ʒɐ.vɐ.ˈli/ | wild boar |
| jalebi | /xa.ˈle.βi/ | jalebi | /ʒɐ.ˈle.bi/ | jalebi, fried sweet |
| mahalo | /ma.ˈa.lo/ | mahalo | /mɐ.ˈa.lu/ | mahalo, thank you |
| masala | /ma.ˈsa.la/ | masala | /mɐ.ˈza.lɐ/ | masala, spice mix |
| mezcal | /mes.ˈkal/ | mezcal | /mɨʃ.ˈkal/ | mezcal |
| alacrán | /a.la.ˈkɾan/ | lacrau | /lɐ.ˈkɾaw/ | scorpion |
| atalaya | /a.ta.ˈla.ja/ | atalaia | /ɐ.tɐ.ˈla.jɐ/ | watchtower |
| azulejo | /a.θu.ˈle.xo/ | azulejo | /ɐ.zu.ˈle.ʒu/ | ceramic tile, glazed tile |
| baklava | /ba.ˈkla.βa/ | baclava | /bɐ.ˈkla.vɐ/ | baklava |
| baklava | /ba.ˈkla.βa/ | baklava | /bɐ.ˈkla.vɐ/ | baklava |
| calibre | /ka.ˈli.βɾe/ | calibre | /kɐ.ˈli.bɾɨ/ | caliber |
| chaebol | /ˈtʃe.βol/ | chaebol | /ˈʃe.bɔl/ | chaebol, Korean conglomerate |
| falafel | /fa.ˈla.fel/ | falafel | /fɐ.ˈlafɛw/ | falafel |
| lakshmi | /lakʃ.ˈmi/ | lakshmi | /lɐkʃ.ˈmi/ | Lakshmi, Hindu goddess |
| mandala | /man.ˈda.la/ | mandala | /mɐ̃.ˈda.lɐ/ | mandala |
| tequila | /te.ˈki.la/ | tequila | /tɨ.ˈki.lɐ/ | tequila |
| ukelele | /u.ke.ˈle.le/ | ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.lɨ/ | ukelele |
| ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.le/ | ukulele | /u.ku.ˈle.lɨ/ | ukulele |
| glasnost | /glas.ˈnost/ | glasnost | /glɐʒ.ˈnoʃt/ | glasnost |
| bailarina | /baj.la.ˈɾi.na/ | bailarina | /bɐjlɐ.ˈɾi.nɐ/ | dancer (f.) |
| chocolate | /tʃo.ko.ˈla.te/ | chocolate | /ʃu.ku.ˈla.tɨ/ | chocolate |
| escarlata | /es.kaɾ.ˈla.ta/ | escarlate | /iʃ.kɐɾ.ˈla.tɨ/ | scarlet |
| leitmotiv | /lejt.mo.ˈtif/ | leitmotiv | /lejt.mu.ˈtiv/ | leitmotiv |
| alarife | /a.la.ˈɾi.fe/ | alarife | /ɐ.lɐ.ˈɾi.fɨ/ | master builder (archaic) |
| lox | /loks/ | lox | /lɔkʃ/ | lox, cured salmon |
| loka | /ˈlo.ka/ | loka | /ˈlɔ.kɐ/ | loka, world |
| luau | /lu.ˈa.u/ | luau | /lu.ˈaw/ | luau |
| limón | /li.ˈmon/ | limão | /li.ˈmɐ̃w/ | lemon |
| ondol | /ˈon.dol/ | ondol | /ˈõ.dul/ | ondol, underfloor heating |
| pilaf | /pi.ˈlaf/ | pilau | /pi.ˈlaw/ | pilaf, rice dish |
| yodel | /ˈjo.ðel/ | yodel | /ˈjɔ.dɨl/ | yodel, Alpine vocal technique |
| shalom | /ʃa.ˈlom/ | shalom | /ʃɐ.ˈlõ/ | shalom |
| shtetl | /ʃtetl/ | shtetl | /ʃtɛtl/ | shtetl, Jewish small town |
| alacrán | /a.la.ˈkɾan/ | alacrão | /ɐ.lɐ.ˈkɾɐ̃w/ | scorpion |
| klezmer | /ˈkles.meɾ/ | klezmer | /ˈklɛz.mɨɾ/ | klezmer, Jewish folk music |
| bungalow | /buŋ.ˈga.lo/ | bangalo | /bɐ̃.ga.ˈlo/ | bungalow, single-story house |
| guacamole | /gwa.ka.ˈmo.le/ | guacamole | /gwɐ.kɐ.ˈmɔ.lɨ/ | guacamole |
→ /ʎ/⟨ll⟩ · 31
outcome/ʎ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| allí | /a.ˈʎi/ | ali | /ɐ.ˈli/ | there |
| ellos | /ˈe.ʎos/ | eles | /ˈe.lɨʃ/ | they (masc pl) |
| gallo | /ˈga.ʎo/ | galo | /ˈga.lu/ | rooster, cock |
| valle | /ˈba.ʎe/ | vale | /ˈva.lɨ/ | valley |
| villa | /ˈbi.ʎa/ | vila | /ˈvi.lɐ/ | town, villa |
| llevar | /ʎe.ˈβaɾ/ | levar | /lɨ.ˈvaɾ/ | to carry, take |
| caballa | /ka.ˈβa.ʎa/ | cavala | /kɐ.ˈva.lɐ/ | mackerel (semantic shift) |
| caballo | /ka.ˈβa.ʎo/ | cavalo | /kɐ.ˈva.lu/ | horse |
| cabello | /ka.ˈβe.ʎo/ | cabelo | /kɐ.ˈbe.lu/ | hair |
| calloso | /ka.ˈʎo.so/ | caloso | /kɐ.ˈlo.zu/ | callous |
| gallina | /ga.ˈʎi.na/ | galinha | /gɐ.ˈli.ɲɐ/ | hen |
| llevada | /ʎe.ˈβa.ða/ | levada | /lɨ.ˈva.dɐ/ | carried, taken (feminine) |
| llevado | /ʎe.ˈβa.ðo/ | levado | /lɨ.ˈva.du/ | carried, taken |
| llevador | /ʎe.βa.ˈðoɾ/ | levador | /lɨ.vɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | carrier |
| ella | /ˈe.ʎa/ | ela | /ˈɛ.lɐ/ | she |
| bella | /ˈbe.ʎa/ | bela | /ˈbɛ.lɐ/ | beautiful |
| bello | /ˈbe.ʎo/ | belo | /ˈbɛ.lu/ | beautiful |
| ellas | /ˈe.ʎas/ | elas | /ˈɛ.lɐʃ/ | they (fem pl) |
| cuello | /ˈkwe.ʎo/ | colo | /ˈkɔ.lu/ | neck |
| muelle | /ˈmwe.ʎe/ | mole | /ˈmɔ.lɨ/ | soft, spring, dock |
| aquella | /a.ˈke.ʎa/ | aquela | /ɐ.ˈkɛ.lɐ/ | that one (yonder, fem) |
| aquello | /a.ˈke.ʎo/ | aquilo | /ɐ.ˈki.lu/ | that (neuter) |
| callosa | /ka.ˈʎo.sa/ | calosa | /kɐ.ˈlɔ.zɐ/ | callous |
| villano | /bi.ˈʎa.no/ | vilão | /vi.ˈlɐ̃w/ | serf, villain |
| amarilla | /a.ma.ˈɾi.ʎa/ | amarela | /ɐ.mɐ.ˈɾɛ.lɐ/ | yellow (fem) |
| amarillo | /a.ma.ˈɾi.ʎo/ | amarelo | /ɐ.mɐ.ˈɾɛ.lu/ | yellow |
| castillo | /kas.ˈti.ʎo/ | castelo | /kɐʃ.ˈtɛ.lu/ | castle |
| caballero | /ka.βa.ˈʎe.ɾo/ | cavaleiro | /kɐ.vɐ.ˈlej.ɾu/ | knight, gentleman |
| fradiello | /fɾa.ˈðje.ʎo/ | fraelu | /fɾɐ.ˈɛ.lu/ | little brother (Late Latin diminutive of FRATER) |
| chinchilla | /tʃin.ˈtʃi.ʎa/ | chinchila | /ʃin.ˈʃi.lɐ/ | chinchilla |
| bellota | /be.ˈʎo.ta/ | bolota | /bu.ˈlɔ.tɐ/ | acorn |
/ʃ/⟨s⟩ → /esʃ, s/144 pairs
source/ʃ/
→ /esʃ/⟨sch⟩ · in open syllable · 1
outcome
/e/ 
/s/ /ʃ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| schnitzel | /esʃ.ni.ˈtsel/ | schnitzel | /ˈʃni.tsɨl/ | schnitzel |
→ /s/⟨s⟩ · not in open syllable · 143
outcome/s/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mes | /mes/ | mês | /meʃ/ | month |
| este | /ˈes.te/ | este | /ˈeʃ.tɨ/ | this (masc) |
| seis | /sejs/ | seis | /sejʃ/ | six |
| tres | /tɾes/ | três | /tɾeʃ/ | three |
| astro | /ˈas.tɾo/ | astro | /ˈaʃ.tɾu/ | star, celestial body |
| casta | /ˈkas.ta/ | casta | /ˈkaʃ.tɐ/ | chaste |
| casto | /ˈkas.to/ | casto | /ˈkaʃ.tu/ | chaste |
| ellos | /ˈe.ʎos/ | eles | /ˈe.lɨʃ/ | they (masc pl) |
| estar | /es.ˈtaɾ/ | estar | /ɨʃ.ˈtaɾ/ | to be (state) |
| justa | /ˈxus.ta/ | justa | /ˈʒuʃ.tɐ/ | just, right (fem) |
| justo | /ˈxus.to/ | justo | /ˈʒuʃ.tu/ | just |
| menos | /ˈme.nos/ | menos | /ˈme.nuʃ/ | less |
| mosca | /ˈmos.ka/ | mosca | /ˈmoʃ.kɐ/ | fly |
| pasta | /ˈpas.ta/ | pasta | /ˈpaʃ.tɐ/ | paste |
| pasto | /ˈpas.to/ | pasto | /ˈpaʃ.tu/ | pasture |
| agosto | /a.ˈɣos.to/ | agosto | /ɐ.ˈgoʃ.tu/ | August |
| costar | /kos.ˈtaɾ/ | custar | /kuʃ.ˈtaɾ/ | to cost |
| escala | /es.ˈka.la/ | escala | /ɨʃ.ˈka.lɐ/ | stair, scale |
| escudo | /es.ˈku.ðo/ | escudo | /ɨʃ.ˈku.du/ | shield |
| espejo | /es.ˈpe.xo/ | espelho | /ɨʃ.ˈpe.ʎu/ | mirror |
| espina | /es.ˈpi.na/ | espinha | /ɨʃ.ˈpi.ɲɐ/ | thorn |
| estada | /es.ˈta.ða/ | estada | /ɨʃ.ˈta.dɐ/ | stay |
| estado | /es.ˈta.ðo/ | estado | /ɨʃ.ˈta.du/ | been, state |
| pastor | /pas.ˈtoɾ/ | pastor | /pɐʃ.ˈtoɾ/ | shepherd |
| pescar | /pes.ˈkaɾ/ | pescar | /pɨʃ.ˈkaɾ/ | to fish |
| restar | /res.ˈtaɾ/ | restar | /ʁɨʃ.ˈtaɾ/ | to remain, subtract |
| testar | /tes.ˈtaɾ/ | testar | /tɨʃ.ˈtaɾ/ | to testify, will |
| triste | /ˈtɾis.te/ | triste | /ˈtɾiʃ.tɨ/ | sad |
| vestir | /bes.ˈtiɾ/ | vestir | /vɨʃ.ˈtiɾ/ | to dress, clothe |
| castaña | /kas.ˈta.ɲa/ | castanha | /kɐʃ.ˈta.ɲɐ/ | chestnut |
| castrar | /kas.ˈtɾaɾ/ | castrar | /kɐʃ.ˈtɾaɾ/ | to castrate, prune |
| costado | /kos.ˈta.ðo/ | costado | /kuʃ.ˈta.du/ | side, cost |
| escrita | /es.ˈkɾi.ta/ | escrita | /ɨʃ.ˈkɾi.tɐ/ | written (fem) |
| escrito | /es.ˈkɾi.to/ | escrito | /ɨʃ.ˈkɾi.tu/ | written |
| estrada | /es.ˈtɾa.ða/ | estrada | /ɨʃ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/ | road (paved) |
| estupor | /es.tu.ˈpoɾ/ | estupor | /ɨʃ.tu.ˈpoɾ/ | stupor, amazement |
| gustoso | /gus.ˈto.so/ | gostoso | /guʃ.ˈto.zu/ | tasty |
| mostrar | /mos.ˈtɾaɾ/ | mostrar | /muʃ.ˈtɾaɾ/ | to show |
| pescada | /pes.ˈka.ða/ | pescada | /pɨʃ.ˈka.dɐ/ | fished (feminine) |
| pescado | /pes.ˈka.ðo/ | pescado | /pɨʃ.ˈka.du/ | fished, fish |
| postura | /pos.ˈtu.ɾa/ | postura | /puʃ.ˈtu.ɾɐ/ | posture, position |
| restada | /res.ˈta.ða/ | restada | /ʁɨʃ.ˈta.dɐ/ | remained (feminine) |
| restado | /res.ˈta.ðo/ | restado | /ʁɨʃ.ˈta.du/ | remained |
| robusta | /ro.ˈβus.ta/ | robusta | /ʁu.ˈbuʃ.tɐ/ | robust, strong (fem) |
| robusto | /ro.ˈβus.to/ | robusto | /ʁu.ˈbuʃ.tu/ | robust, strong |
| rústica | /ˈrus.ti.ka/ | rústica | /ˈʁuʃ.ti.kɐ/ | rustic |
| rústico | /ˈrus.ti.ko/ | rústico | /ˈʁuʃ.ti.ku/ | rustic |
| testada | /tes.ˈta.ða/ | testada | /tɨʃ.ˈta.dɐ/ | tested, testified |
| testado | /tes.ˈta.ðo/ | testado | /tɨʃ.ˈta.du/ | tested, testified |
| vestida | /bes.ˈti.ða/ | vestida | /vɨʃ.ˈti.dɐ/ | dressed |
| vestido | /bes.ˈti.ðo/ | vestido | /vɨʃ.ˈti.du/ | dress, garment |
| castrada | /kas.ˈtɾa.ða/ | castrada | /kɐʃ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/ | castrated (feminine) |
| castrado | /kas.ˈtɾa.ðo/ | castrado | /kɐʃ.ˈtɾa.du/ | castrated |
| costador | /kos.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | costador | /kuʃ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | establisher (rare) |
| escuchar | /es.ku.ˈtʃaɾ/ | escutar | /ɨʃ.ku.ˈtaɾ/ | to listen |
| estúpida | /es.ˈtu.pi.ða/ | estúpida | /ɨʃ.ˈtu.pi.dɐ/ | stupid (fem) |
| estúpido | /es.ˈtu.pi.ðo/ | estúpido | /ɨʃ.ˈtu.pi.du/ | stupid |
| mostrada | /mos.ˈtɾa.ða/ | mostrada | /muʃ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/ | shown (feminine) |
| mostrado | /mos.ˈtɾa.ðo/ | mostrado | /muʃ.ˈtɾa.du/ | shown |
| pescador | /pes.ka.ˈðoɾ/ | pescador | /pɨʃ.kɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | fisherman |
| potestad | /po.tes.ˈtað/ | potestade | /pu.tɨʃ.ˈta.dɨ/ | power, authority |
| testador | /tes.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | testador | /tɨʃ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | testator, witness |
| castrador | /kas.tɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | castrador | /kɐʃ.tɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | castrator |
| mostrador | /mos.tɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | mostrador | /muʃ.tɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | counter, display case |
| responder | /res.pon.ˈdeɾ/ | responder | /ʁɨʃ.põ.ˈdeɾ/ | to answer |
| tempestad | /tem.pes.ˈtað/ | tempestade | /tẽ.pɨʃ.ˈta.dɨ/ | storm, tempest |
| cristalina | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.na/ | cristalina | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nɐ/ | crystalline |
| cristalino | /kɾis.ta.ˈli.no/ | cristalino | /kɾiʃ.tɐ.ˈli.nu/ | crystalline |
| vespertina | /bes.peɾ.ˈti.na/ | vespertina | /vɨʃ.pɨɾ.ˈti.nɐ/ | evening, vespertine (fem) |
| vespertino | /bes.peɾ.ˈti.no/ | vespertino | /vɨʃ.pɨɾ.ˈti.nu/ | evening, vespertine |
| agosta | /a.ˈɣos.ta/ | agosta | /ɐ.ˈgoʃ.tɐ/ | august (feminine, archaic/poetic) |
| dos | /dos/ | dois | /dojʃ/ | two |
| les | /les/ | lhes | /ʎɨʃ/ | to them (clitic dat pl) |
| más | /mas/ | mais | /majʃ/ | more |
| dios | /djos/ | deus | /dewʃ/ | god |
| esta | /ˈes.ta/ | esta | /ˈɛʃ.tɐ/ | this (fem) |
| esto | /ˈes.to/ | isto | /ˈiʃ.tu/ | this (neuter) |
| costa | /ˈkos.ta/ | costa | /ˈkɔʃ.tɐ/ | coast |
| ellas | /ˈe.ʎas/ | elas | /ˈɛ.lɐʃ/ | they (fem pl) |
| gusto | /ˈgus.to/ | gosto | /ˈgoʃ.tu/ | taste |
| resto | /ˈres.to/ | resto | /ˈʁɛʃ.tu/ | remainder |
| bestia | /ˈbes.tja/ | besta | /ˈbɛʃ.tɐ/ | beast |
| cresta | /ˈkɾes.ta/ | crista | /ˈkɾiʃ.tɐ/ | crest |
| esposa | /es.ˈpo.sa/ | esposa | /ɨʃ.ˈpɔ.zɐ/ | spouse, wife |
| fiesta | /ˈfjes.ta/ | festa | /ˈfɛʃ.tɐ/ | feast |
| puesto | /ˈpwes.to/ | posto | /ˈpoʃ.tu/ | placed, position |
| diestra | /ˈdjes.tɾa/ | destra | /ˈdɛʃ.tɾɐ/ | right hand |
| diestro | /ˈdjes.tɾo/ | destro | /ˈdɛʃ.tɾu/ | right, skillful |
| escuela | /es.ˈkwe.la/ | escola | /ɨʃ.ˈkɔ.lɐ/ | school |
| estante | /es.ˈtan.te/ | estante | /ɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | shelf, standing |
| gustosa | /gus.ˈto.sa/ | gostosa | /guʃ.ˈtɔ.zɐ/ | tasty |
| hispana | /is.ˈpa.na/ | hispana | /iʃ.ˈpɐ.nɐ/ | Hispanic, Spanish |
| hispano | /is.ˈpa.no/ | hispano | /iʃ.ˈpɐ.nu/ | Hispanic, Spanish |
| maestro | /ma.ˈes.tɾo/ | mestre | /ˈmɛʃ.tɾɨ/ | master, teacher |
| castillo | /kas.ˈti.ʎo/ | castelo | /kɐʃ.ˈtɛ.lu/ | castle |
| escribir | /es.kɾi.ˈβiɾ/ | escrever | /ɨʃ.kɾɨ.ˈveɾ/ | to write |
| estrecha | /es.ˈtɾe.tʃa/ | estreita | /ɨʃ.ˈtɾej.tɐ/ | tight, narrow |
| estrecho | /es.ˈtɾe.tʃo/ | estreito | /ɨʃ.ˈtɾej.tu/ | tight, narrow |
| estrella | /es.ˈtɾe.ʎa/ | estrela | /ɨʃ.ˈtɾɛ.lɐ/ | star |
| historia | /is.ˈto.ɾja/ | história | /iʃ.ˈtɔ.ɾjɐ/ | story |
| nosotros | /no.ˈso.tɾos/ | nós | /nɔʃ/ | we (1pl) |
| restante | /res.ˈtan.te/ | restante | /ʁɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | remaining, residual |
| testante | /tes.ˈtan.te/ | testante | /tɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | testator, witness |
| vosotros | /bo.ˈso.tɾos/ | vós | /vɔʃ/ | you (2pl) |
| castrante | /kas.ˈtɾan.te/ | castrante | /kɐʃ.ˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | castrating |
| cristiano | /kɾist.ˈja.no/ | cristião | /kɾiʃt.ˈjɐ̃w/ | Christian |
| doméstica | /do.ˈmes.ti.ka/ | doméstica | /du.ˈmɛʃ.ti.kɐ/ | domestic |
| doméstico | /do.ˈmes.ti.ko/ | doméstico | /du.ˈmɛʃ.ti.ku/ | domestic |
| mostrante | /mos.ˈtɾan.te/ | mostrante | /muʃ.ˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | showing |
| hueste | /ˈwes.te/ | hoste | /ˈɔʃ.tɨ/ | army, host (archaic) |
| estando | /es.ˈtan.do/ | estando | /ɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | being (gerund) |
| costando | /kos.ˈtan.do/ | costando | /kuʃ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | costing (gerund) |
| pescando | /pes.ˈkan.do/ | pescando | /pɨʃ.ˈkɐ̃.du/ | fishing (gerund) |
| restando | /res.ˈtan.do/ | restando | /ʁɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | remaining, subtracting (gerund) |
| testando | /tes.ˈtan.do/ | testando | /tɨʃ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | testing (gerund) |
| castrando | /kas.ˈtɾan.do/ | castrando | /kɐʃ.ˈtɾɐ̃.du/ | castrating, pruning (gerund) |
| mostrando | /mos.ˈtɾan.do/ | mostrando | /muʃ.ˈtɾɐ̃.du/ | showing (gerund) |
| costante | /kos.ˈtan.te/ | costante | /kuʃ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | constant (archaic |
| gris | /gɾis/ | gris | /gɾiʃ/ | gray |
| kvas | /kβas/ | kvas | /kvaʃ/ | kvas |
| humus | /ˈu.mus/ | húmus | /ˈu.muʃ/ | humus |
| lista | /ˈlis.ta/ | lista | /ˈliʃ.tɐ/ | list, stripe |
| manas | /ˈma.nas/ | manas | /ˈma.nɐʃ/ | manas, mind |
| papus | /pa.ˈpus/ | papus | /pɐ.ˈpuʃ/ | papús, Native American baby |
| tapas | /ˈta.pas/ | tapas | /ˈta.pɐʃ/ | tapas, austerity |
| wurst | /buɾst/ | wurst | /vuɾʃt/ | wurst, German sausage |
| buscar | /bus.ˈkaɾ/ | buscar | /buʃ.ˈkaɾ/ | to seek |
| esnaps | /es.ˈnaps/ | schnaps | /ʃnapʃ/ | schnapps |
| estaca | /es.ˈta.ka/ | estaca | /ɨʃ.ˈta.kɐ/ | stake, pole |
| frasco | /ˈfɾas.ko/ | frasco | /ˈfɾaʃ.ku/ | flask, jar |
| fresco | /ˈfɾes.ko/ | fresco | /ˈfɾeʃ.ku/ | fresh, cool |
| esquina | /es.ˈki.na/ | esquina | /ɨʃ.ˈki.nɐ/ | corner |
| estribo | /es.ˈtɾi.βo/ | estribo | /ɨʃ.ˈtɾi.bu/ | stirrup |
| sputnik | /sput.ˈnik/ | sputnik | /ʃput.ˈnik/ | Sputnik (satellite) |
| glasnost | /glas.ˈnost/ | glasnost | /glɐʒ.ˈnoʃt/ | glasnost |
| escarlata | /es.kaɾ.ˈla.ta/ | escarlate | /iʃ.kɐɾ.ˈla.tɨ/ | scarlet |
| perestroika | /pe.ɾes.ˈtɾoj.ka/ | perestroika | /pɨ.ɾɨʃ.ˈtɾoj.kɐ/ | perestroika |
| jamás | /xa.ˈmas/ | jamais | /ʒɐ.ˈmajʃ/ | ever |
| spiel | /es.ˈpjel/ | spiel | /ʃpiɫ/ | spiel, sales pitch |
| bosque | /ˈbos.ke/ | bosque | /ˈbɔʃ.kɨ/ | forest, woods |
| quiosco | /ˈkjos.ko/ | quiosque | /ˈkjɔʃ.kɨ/ | kiosk |
| strudel | /es.tɾu.ˈðel/ | strudel | /iʃ.tɾu.ˈdɛɫ/ | strudel |
| esvástica | /es.ˈβas.ti.ka/ | suástica | /ˈswaʃ.ti.kɐ/ | esvástica |
/ʃ/⟨ch⟩ → /ʎ, tʃ/40 pairs
source/ʃ/
→ /ʎ/⟨ll⟩ · word initial · 30
outcome/ʎ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| llaga | /ˈʎa.ɣa/ | chaga | /ˈʃa.gɐ/ | wound |
| llama | /ˈʎa.ma/ | chama | /ˈʃa.mɐ/ | flame |
| llave | /ˈʎa.βe/ | chave | /ˈʃa.vɨ/ | key |
| lloro | /ˈʎo.ɾo/ | choro | /ˈʃo.ɾu/ | weeping (noun) |
| llamar | /ʎa.ˈmaɾ/ | chamar | /ʃɐ.ˈmaɾ/ | to call |
| llegar | /ʎe.ˈɣaɾ/ | chegar | /ʃɨ.ˈgaɾ/ | to arrive |
| llorar | /ʎo.ˈɾaɾ/ | chorar | /ʃu.ˈɾaɾ/ | to weep |
| llover | /ʎo.ˈβeɾ/ | chover | /ʃu.ˈveɾ/ | to rain |
| lluvia | /ˈʎu.βja/ | chuva | /ˈʃu.vɐ/ | rain |
| llamada | /ʎa.ˈma.ða/ | chamada | /ʃɐ.ˈma.dɐ/ | called (feminine), call |
| llamado | /ʎa.ˈma.ðo/ | chamado | /ʃɐ.ˈma.du/ | called |
| llegada | /ʎe.ˈɣa.ða/ | chegada | /ʃɨ.ˈga.dɐ/ | arrival, arrived (feminine) |
| llorada | /ʎo.ˈɾa.ða/ | chorada | /ʃu.ˈɾa.dɐ/ | wept |
| llorado | /ʎo.ˈɾa.ðo/ | chorado | /ʃu.ˈɾa.du/ | wept |
| llorosa | /ʎo.ˈɾo.sa/ | chorosa | /ʃu.ˈɾo.zɐ/ | tearful (feminine) |
| lloroso | /ʎo.ˈɾo.so/ | choroso | /ʃu.ˈɾo.zu/ | tearful |
| llamador | /ʎa.ma.ˈðoɾ/ | chamador | /ʃɐ.mɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | caller, knocker |
| llorador | /ʎo.ɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | chorador | /ʃu.ɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | weeper |
| lluviosa | /ʎuβ.ˈjo.sa/ | chuvosa | /ʃu.ˈvo.zɐ/ | rainy (feminine) |
| lluvioso | /ʎuβ.ˈjo.so/ | chuvoso | /ʃu.ˈvo.zu/ | rainy |
| llamativo | /ʎa.ma.ˈti.βo/ | chamativo | /ʃɐ.mɐ.ˈti.vu/ | eye-catching, attention-grabbing |
| llegado | /ʎe.ˈɣa.ðo/ | chegado | /ʃɨ.ˈga.du/ | arrived (masculine past participle) |
| llano | /ˈʎa.no/ | chão | /ʃɐ̃w/ | flat, plain |
| llena | /ˈʎe.na/ | cheia | /ˈʃej.ɐ/ | full |
| lleno | /ˈʎe.no/ | cheio | /ˈʃej.u/ | full |
| llavero | /ʎa.ˈβe.ɾo/ | chaveiro | /ʃɐ.ˈvej.ɾu/ | key ring, key holder |
| llamante | /ʎa.ˈman.te/ | chamante | /ʃɐ.ˈmɐ̃.tɨ/ | calling, caller |
| llorante | /ʎo.ˈɾan.te/ | chorante | /ʃu.ˈɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | weeping |
| llamando | /ʎa.ˈman.do/ | chamando | /ʃɐ.ˈmɐ̃.du/ | calling (gerund) |
| llorando | /ʎo.ˈɾan.do/ | chorando | /ʃu.ˈɾɐ̃.du/ | weeping (gerund) |
→ /tʃ/⟨ch⟩ · not word initial · 10
outcome
/tʃ/ /tʃ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| macho | /ˈma.tʃo/ | macho | /ˈma.ʃu/ | male |
| dacha | /ˈda.tʃa/ | dacha | /ˈda.ʃɐ/ | dacha |
| lichi | /ˈli.tʃi/ | lichia | /ˈli.ʃi.ɐ/ | lichi |
| chicha | /ˈtʃi.tʃa/ | chicha | /ˈʃi.ʃɐ/ | chicha |
| glitch | /glitʃ/ | glitch | /gliʃ/ | glitch, malfunction |
| poncho | /ˈpon.tʃo/ | poncho | /ˈpon.ʃu/ | poncho |
| chinchilla | /tʃin.ˈtʃi.ʎa/ | chinchila | /ʃin.ˈʃi.lɐ/ | chinchilla |
| shochu | /ˈʃo.tʃu/ | shochu | /ˈʃɔ.ʃu/ | shochu, distilled spirit |
| japchae | /ˈxap.tʃe/ | japchae | /ʒɐp.ˈʃe/ | japchae, Korean glass noodles |
| gochujang | /ko.tʃu.ˈdʒan/ | gochujang | /ko.ʃu.ˈdʒɐ̃/ | gochujang, chili paste |
/ʃ/⟨x⟩ → /x, ʃ, s/10 pairs
source/ʃ/
→ /x/⟨j⟩ · in open syllable · 4
outcome
/x/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bajo | /ˈba.xo/ | baixo | /ˈbaj.ʃu/ | low, below |
| flojo | /ˈflo.xo/ | frouxo | /ˈfɾow.ʃu/ | loose, slack, lazy |
| jeque | /ˈxe.ke/ | xeque | /ˈʃe.kɨ/ | sheikh |
| jaqueca | /xa.ˈke.ka/ | xaqueca | /ʃɐ.ˈkɛ.kɐ/ | migraine, severe headache |
→ /ʃ/⟨sh⟩ · in open syllable · 3
outcome/ʃ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sha | /ʃa/ | xa | /ʃa/ | sha, Persian king |
| geisha | /ˈge.i.ʃa/ | gueixa | /ˈge.i.ʃɐ/ | geisha, traditional entertainer |
| shogun | /ʃo.ˈɣun/ | xogum | /ʃu.ˈgũ/ | shogun, military dictator |
→ /s/⟨⟩ · not in open syllable · 3
outcome/s/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sexta | /ˈseks.ta/ | sexta | /ˈsɛjʃ.tɐ/ | sixth (feminine) |
| sexto | /ˈseks.to/ | sexto | /ˈsɛjʃ.tu/ | sixth |
| texto | /ˈteks.to/ | texto | /ˈtɛjʃ.tu/ | text |
/ʃ/⟨z⟩ → /θ/18 pairs
source/ʃ/
→ /θ/⟨z⟩ · 18
outcome
/θ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| luz | /luθ/ | luz | /luʃ/ | light |
| paz | /paθ/ | paz | /paʃ/ | peace |
| pez | /peθ/ | pez | /peʃ/ | pitch |
| vez | /beθ/ | vez | /veʃ/ | turn, time |
| cruz | /kɾuθ/ | cruz | /kɾuʃ/ | cross |
| audaz | /a.u.ˈðaθ/ | audaz | /ɐ.u.ˈdaʃ/ | bold, audacious |
| capaz | /ka.ˈpaθ/ | capaz | /kɐ.ˈpaʃ/ | capable |
| falaz | /fa.ˈlaθ/ | falaz | /fɐ.ˈlaʃ/ | deceitful, fallacious |
| feliz | /fe.ˈliθ/ | feliz | /fɨ.ˈliʃ/ | happy, fortunate |
| sagaz | /sa.ˈɣaθ/ | sagaz | /sɐ.ˈgaʃ/ | sagacious, shrewd |
| tenaz | /te.ˈnaθ/ | tenaz | /tɨ.ˈnaʃ/ | tenacious |
| veraz | /be.ˈɾaθ/ | veraz | /vɨ.ˈɾaʃ/ | truthful |
| voraz | /bo.ˈɾaθ/ | voraz | /vu.ˈɾaʃ/ | voracious |
| voz | /boθ/ | voz | /vɔʃ/ | voice |
| diez | /djeθ/ | dez | /dɛʃ/ | ten |
| nuez | /nweθ/ | noz | /nɔʃ/ | nut, walnut |
| arroz | /a.ˈroθ/ | arroz | /ɐ.ˈʁoʃ/ | rice |
| albornoz | /al.βoɾ.ˈnoθ/ | albornoz | /aɫ.buɾ.ˈnoʃ/ | hooded cloak, bathrobe |