A Refactoring of Spanish & Portuguese · companion data
Unstressed-nasal-e: /en/ ↔ /ẽ/; /em, eŋ/ → /ẽ/
114 cognate pairs
Spanish → Portuguese
/em/⟨em⟩ → /ẽ/3 pairs
source
/e/ 
/m/
→ /ẽ/⟨em⟩ · 3
outcome
/ẽ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tempestad | /tem.pes.ˈtað/ | tempestade | /tẽ.pɨʃ.ˈta.dɨ/ | storm, tempest |
| golem | /ˈgo.lem/ | golem | /ˈgo.lẽ/ | golem |
| tempura | /tem.ˈpu.ɾa/ | tempurá | /tẽ.pu.ˈɾa/ | tempura |
/en/⟨en⟩ → /ẽ/52 pairs
source/e/ 
/n/
→ /ẽ/⟨en⟩ · 52
outcome/ẽ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dental | /den.ˈtal/ | dental | /dẽ.ˈtaɫ/ | dental |
| entrar | /en.ˈtɾaɾ/ | entrar | /ẽ.ˈtɾaɾ/ | to enter |
| gentil | /xen.ˈtil/ | gentil | /ʒẽ.ˈtiɫ/ | gentle, noble |
| mentir | /men.ˈtiɾ/ | mentir | /mẽ.ˈtiɾ/ | to lie, deceive |
| pensar | /pen.ˈsaɾ/ | pensar | /pẽ.ˈsaɾ/ | to think |
| sentar | /sen.ˈtaɾ/ | sentar | /sẽ.ˈtaɾ/ | to seat |
| sentir | /sen.ˈtiɾ/ | sentir | /sẽ.ˈtiɾ/ | to feel |
| tender | /ten.ˈdeɾ/ | tender | /tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to stretch, hang out |
| tentar | /ten.ˈtaɾ/ | tentar | /tẽ.ˈtaɾ/ | to try, tempt, feel |
| vencer | /ben.ˈθeɾ/ | vencer | /vẽ.ˈseɾ/ | to conquer |
| vender | /ben.ˈdeɾ/ | vender | /vẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to sell |
| atender | /a.ten.ˈdeɾ/ | atender | /ɐ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to attend, serve |
| entrada | /en.ˈtɾa.ða/ | entrada | /ẽ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/ | entered (feminine), entrance |
| entrado | /en.ˈtɾa.ðo/ | entrado | /ẽ.ˈtɾa.du/ | entered |
| mendigo | /men.ˈdi.ɣo/ | mendigo | /mẽ.ˈdi.gu/ | beggar |
| mentida | /men.ˈti.ða/ | mentida | /mẽ.ˈti.dɐ/ | lie (noun) |
| mentido | /men.ˈti.ðo/ | mentido | /mẽ.ˈti.du/ | lied |
| pensada | /pen.ˈsa.ða/ | pensada | /pẽ.ˈsa.dɐ/ | thought (feminine) |
| pensado | /pen.ˈsa.ðo/ | pensado | /pẽ.ˈsa.du/ | thought |
| prender | /pɾen.ˈdeɾ/ | prender | /pɾẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to take, light (a fire) |
| sentida | /sen.ˈti.ða/ | sentida | /sẽ.ˈti.dɐ/ | felt (feminine) |
| sentido | /sen.ˈti.ðo/ | sentido | /sẽ.ˈti.du/ | felt, sense |
| tentada | /ten.ˈta.ða/ | tentada | /tẽ.ˈta.dɐ/ | tried, tempted (feminine) |
| tentado | /ten.ˈta.ðo/ | tentado | /tẽ.ˈta.du/ | tried, tempted |
| ventoso | /ben.ˈto.so/ | ventoso | /vẽ.ˈto.zu/ | windy |
| defender | /de.fen.ˈdeɾ/ | defender | /dɨ.fẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to defend |
| entender | /en.ten.ˈdeɾ/ | entender | /ẽ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to understand |
| entrador | /en.tɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | entrador | /ẽ.tɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | one who enters |
| pensador | /pen.sa.ˈðoɾ/ | pensador | /pẽ.sɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | thinker |
| tentador | /ten.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | tentador | /tẽ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | tempter |
| argentina | /aɾ.xen.ˈti.na/ | argentina | /ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nɐ/ | silvery, Argentine |
| argentino | /aɾ.xen.ˈti.no/ | argentino | /ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nu/ | silvery, Argentine |
| serpentina | /seɾ.pen.ˈti.na/ | serpentina | /sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nɐ/ | serpentine |
| serpentino | /seɾ.pen.ˈti.no/ | serpentino | /sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nu/ | serpentine |
| ventosa | /ben.ˈto.sa/ | ventosa | /vẽ.ˈtɔ.zɐ/ | windy (fem) |
| entrante | /en.ˈtɾan.te/ | entrante | /ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | entering, incoming |
| pensante | /pen.ˈsan.te/ | pensante | /pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.tɨ/ | thinking |
| tentante | /ten.ˈtan.te/ | tentante | /tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | tempting |
| tendiente | /ten.ˈdjen.te/ | tendente | /tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | extending |
| venciente | /ben.ˈθjen.te/ | vencente | /vẽ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/ | winning, winner |
| prendiente | /pɾen.ˈdjen.te/ | prendente | /pɾẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | taking, hanging |
| entrando | /en.ˈtɾan.do/ | entrando | /ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.du/ | entering (gerund) |
| pensando | /pen.ˈsan.do/ | pensando | /pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.du/ | thinking (gerund) |
| tentando | /ten.ˈtan.do/ | tentando | /tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | trying (gerund) |
| vendiendo | /ben.ˈdjen.do/ | vendendo | /vẽ.ˈdẽ.du/ | selling (gerund) |
| vendiente | /ben.ˈdjen.te/ | vendente | /vẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | selling (rare |
| zazen | /ˈθa.θen/ | zazen | /ˈza.zẽ/ | zazen, seated Zen meditation |
| sensei | /sen.ˈsej/ | sensei | /sẽ.ˈsej/ | sensei |
| oden | /ˈo.ðen/ | oden | /ˈɔ.dẽ/ | oden, Japanese hot pot |
| onsen | /ˈon.sen/ | onsen | /ˈõ.sẽ/ | onsen |
| hentai | /en.ˈta.i/ | hentai | /ẽ.ˈtaj/ | hentai |
| rendang | /ren.ˈdaŋ/ | rendang | /ʁẽ.ˈdɐ̃/ | rendang, Indonesian curry |
/eŋ/⟨en⟩ → /ẽ/2 pairs
source/e/ 
/ŋ/
→ /ẽ/⟨eng⟩ · 2
outcome/ẽ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| feng-shui | /feŋ.ˈʃwi/ | feng-shui | /fẽ.ˈʃwi/ | feng shui |
| feng-shui | /feŋ.ˈʃwi/ | fengshui | /fẽʃ.ˈwaj/ | feng shui |
/eŋ/⟨eng⟩ → /ẽ/2 pairs
source/e/ /ŋ/
→ /ẽ/⟨eng⟩ · 2
outcome/ẽ/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fengshui | /feŋʃ.ˈwaj/ | fengshui | /fẽʃ.ˈwaj/ | feng shui |
| fengshui | /feŋʃ.ˈwaj/ | feng-shui | /fẽ.ˈʃwi/ | feng shui |
Portuguese → Spanish
/ẽ/⟨en⟩ → /en/52 pairs
source/ẽ/
→ /en/⟨en⟩ · 52
outcome/e/ /n/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dental | /den.ˈtal/ | dental | /dẽ.ˈtaɫ/ | dental |
| entrar | /en.ˈtɾaɾ/ | entrar | /ẽ.ˈtɾaɾ/ | to enter |
| gentil | /xen.ˈtil/ | gentil | /ʒẽ.ˈtiɫ/ | gentle, noble |
| mentir | /men.ˈtiɾ/ | mentir | /mẽ.ˈtiɾ/ | to lie, deceive |
| pensar | /pen.ˈsaɾ/ | pensar | /pẽ.ˈsaɾ/ | to think |
| sentar | /sen.ˈtaɾ/ | sentar | /sẽ.ˈtaɾ/ | to seat |
| sentir | /sen.ˈtiɾ/ | sentir | /sẽ.ˈtiɾ/ | to feel |
| tender | /ten.ˈdeɾ/ | tender | /tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to stretch, hang out |
| tentar | /ten.ˈtaɾ/ | tentar | /tẽ.ˈtaɾ/ | to try, tempt, feel |
| vencer | /ben.ˈθeɾ/ | vencer | /vẽ.ˈseɾ/ | to conquer |
| vender | /ben.ˈdeɾ/ | vender | /vẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to sell |
| atender | /a.ten.ˈdeɾ/ | atender | /ɐ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to attend, serve |
| entrada | /en.ˈtɾa.ða/ | entrada | /ẽ.ˈtɾa.dɐ/ | entered (feminine), entrance |
| entrado | /en.ˈtɾa.ðo/ | entrado | /ẽ.ˈtɾa.du/ | entered |
| mendigo | /men.ˈdi.ɣo/ | mendigo | /mẽ.ˈdi.gu/ | beggar |
| mentida | /men.ˈti.ða/ | mentida | /mẽ.ˈti.dɐ/ | lie (noun) |
| mentido | /men.ˈti.ðo/ | mentido | /mẽ.ˈti.du/ | lied |
| pensada | /pen.ˈsa.ða/ | pensada | /pẽ.ˈsa.dɐ/ | thought (feminine) |
| pensado | /pen.ˈsa.ðo/ | pensado | /pẽ.ˈsa.du/ | thought |
| prender | /pɾen.ˈdeɾ/ | prender | /pɾẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to take, light (a fire) |
| sentida | /sen.ˈti.ða/ | sentida | /sẽ.ˈti.dɐ/ | felt (feminine) |
| sentido | /sen.ˈti.ðo/ | sentido | /sẽ.ˈti.du/ | felt, sense |
| tentada | /ten.ˈta.ða/ | tentada | /tẽ.ˈta.dɐ/ | tried, tempted (feminine) |
| tentado | /ten.ˈta.ðo/ | tentado | /tẽ.ˈta.du/ | tried, tempted |
| ventoso | /ben.ˈto.so/ | ventoso | /vẽ.ˈto.zu/ | windy |
| defender | /de.fen.ˈdeɾ/ | defender | /dɨ.fẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to defend |
| entender | /en.ten.ˈdeɾ/ | entender | /ẽ.tẽ.ˈdeɾ/ | to understand |
| entrador | /en.tɾa.ˈðoɾ/ | entrador | /ẽ.tɾɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | one who enters |
| pensador | /pen.sa.ˈðoɾ/ | pensador | /pẽ.sɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | thinker |
| tentador | /ten.ta.ˈðoɾ/ | tentador | /tẽ.tɐ.ˈdoɾ/ | tempter |
| argentina | /aɾ.xen.ˈti.na/ | argentina | /ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nɐ/ | silvery, Argentine |
| argentino | /aɾ.xen.ˈti.no/ | argentino | /ɐɾ.ʒẽ.ˈti.nu/ | silvery, Argentine |
| serpentina | /seɾ.pen.ˈti.na/ | serpentina | /sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nɐ/ | serpentine |
| serpentino | /seɾ.pen.ˈti.no/ | serpentino | /sɨɾ.pẽ.ˈti.nu/ | serpentine |
| ventosa | /ben.ˈto.sa/ | ventosa | /vẽ.ˈtɔ.zɐ/ | windy (fem) |
| entrante | /en.ˈtɾan.te/ | entrante | /ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/ | entering, incoming |
| pensante | /pen.ˈsan.te/ | pensante | /pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.tɨ/ | thinking |
| tentante | /ten.ˈtan.te/ | tentante | /tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.tɨ/ | tempting |
| tendiente | /ten.ˈdjen.te/ | tendente | /tẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | extending |
| venciente | /ben.ˈθjen.te/ | vencente | /vẽ.ˈsẽ.tɨ/ | winning, winner |
| prendiente | /pɾen.ˈdjen.te/ | prendente | /pɾẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | taking, hanging |
| entrando | /en.ˈtɾan.do/ | entrando | /ẽ.ˈtɾɐ̃.du/ | entering (gerund) |
| pensando | /pen.ˈsan.do/ | pensando | /pẽ.ˈsɐ̃.du/ | thinking (gerund) |
| tentando | /ten.ˈtan.do/ | tentando | /tẽ.ˈtɐ̃.du/ | trying (gerund) |
| vendiendo | /ben.ˈdjen.do/ | vendendo | /vẽ.ˈdẽ.du/ | selling (gerund) |
| vendiente | /ben.ˈdjen.te/ | vendente | /vẽ.ˈdẽ.tɨ/ | selling (rare |
| zazen | /ˈθa.θen/ | zazen | /ˈza.zẽ/ | zazen, seated Zen meditation |
| sensei | /sen.ˈsej/ | sensei | /sẽ.ˈsej/ | sensei |
| oden | /ˈo.ðen/ | oden | /ˈɔ.dẽ/ | oden, Japanese hot pot |
| onsen | /ˈon.sen/ | onsen | /ˈõ.sẽ/ | onsen |
| hentai | /en.ˈta.i/ | hentai | /ẽ.ˈtaj/ | hentai |
| rendang | /ren.ˈdaŋ/ | rendang | /ʁẽ.ˈdɐ̃/ | rendang, Indonesian curry |
/ẽ/⟨em⟩ → /em/3 pairs
source/ẽ/
→ /em/⟨em⟩ · 3
outcome/e/ /m/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tempestad | /tem.pes.ˈtað/ | tempestade | /tẽ.pɨʃ.ˈta.dɨ/ | storm, tempest |
| golem | /ˈgo.lem/ | golem | /ˈgo.lẽ/ | golem |
| tempura | /tem.ˈpu.ɾa/ | tempurá | /tẽ.pu.ˈɾa/ | tempura |