A Refactoring of Spanish & Portuguese · companion data
Nasal-ao: /ano, ˈjon/ ↔ /ɐ̃w/
45 cognate pairs
Spanish → Portuguese
/ano/⟨ano⟩ → /ɐ̃w/9 pairs
source
/a/ 
/n/ 
/o/
→ /ɐ̃w/⟨ão⟩ · 9
outcome
/ɐ̃/ 
/w/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mano | /ˈma.no/ | mão | /mɐ̃w/ | hand |
| sano | /ˈsa.no/ | são | /sɐ̃w/ | healthy |
| vano | /ˈba.no/ | vão | /vɐ̃w/ | empty, vain |
| grano | /ˈgɾa.no/ | grão | /gɾɐ̃w/ | grain |
| llano | /ˈʎa.no/ | chão | /ʃɐ̃w/ | flat, plain |
| verano | /be.ˈɾa.no/ | verão | /vɨ.ˈɾɐ̃w/ | summer |
| hermano | /eɾ.ˈma.no/ | irmão | /iɾ.ˈmɐ̃w/ | brother |
| villano | /bi.ˈʎa.no/ | vilão | /vi.ˈlɐ̃w/ | serf, villain |
| cristiano | /kɾist.ˈja.no/ | cristião | /kɾiʃt.ˈjɐ̃w/ | Christian |
/jon/⟨ión⟩ → /ɐ̃w/9 pairs
source
/j/ /o/ /n/
→ /ɐ̃w/⟨ão⟩ · 9
outcome/ɐ̃/ /w/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nación | /na.ˈθjon/ | nação | /nɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | nation |
| canción | /kan.ˈθjon/ | canção | /kɐ̃.ˈsɐ̃w/ | song |
| función | /fun.ˈθjon/ | função | /fũ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | function |
| lección | /lek.ˈθjon/ | lição | /li.ˈsɐ̃w/ | lesson, lecture |
| sección | /sek.ˈθjon/ | seção | /sɨ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | section |
| atención | /a.ten.ˈθjon/ | atenção | /ɐ.tɨn.ˈsɐ̃w/ | attention |
| posición | /po.zi.ˈθjon/ | posição | /pu.zi.ˈsɐ̃w/ | position |
| relación | /re.la.ˈθjon/ | relação | /ʁɨ.lɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | relation, relationship |
| condición | /kon.di.ˈθjon/ | condição | /kõ.di.ˈsɐ̃w/ | condition |
Portuguese → Spanish
/ɐ̃w/⟨ão⟩ → /jon, on, ano, an/27 pairs
source/ɐ̃/ /w/
→ /jon/⟨ión⟩ · after s · 9
outcome/j/ /o/ /n/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nación | /na.ˈθjon/ | nação | /nɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | nation |
| canción | /kan.ˈθjon/ | canção | /kɐ̃.ˈsɐ̃w/ | song |
| función | /fun.ˈθjon/ | função | /fũ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | function |
| lección | /lek.ˈθjon/ | lição | /li.ˈsɐ̃w/ | lesson, lecture |
| sección | /sek.ˈθjon/ | seção | /sɨ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | section |
| atención | /a.ten.ˈθjon/ | atenção | /ɐ.tɨn.ˈsɐ̃w/ | attention |
| posición | /po.zi.ˈθjon/ | posição | /pu.zi.ˈsɐ̃w/ | position |
| relación | /re.la.ˈθjon/ | relação | /ʁɨ.lɐ.ˈsɐ̃w/ | relation, relationship |
| condición | /kon.di.ˈθjon/ | condição | /kõ.di.ˈsɐ̃w/ | condition |
→ /on/⟨ón⟩ · not after s · 7
outcome/o/ /n/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| razón | /ra.ˈθon/ | razão | /ʁɐ.ˈzɐ̃w/ | reason |
| carbón | /kaɾ.ˈβon/ | carvão | /kɐɾ.ˈvɐ̃w/ | coal |
| ladrón | /la.ˈðɾon/ | ladrão | /lɐ.ˈdɾɐ̃w/ | thief |
| barón | /ba.ˈɾon/ | barão | /bɐ.ˈɾɐ̃w/ | baron |
| limón | /li.ˈmon/ | limão | /li.ˈmɐ̃w/ | lemon |
| algodón | /al.go.ˈðon/ | algodão | /aɫ.gu.ˈdɐ̃w/ | cotton |
| tiburón | /ti.βu.ˈɾon/ | tubarão | /tu.bɐ.ˈɾɐ̃w/ | shark |
→ /ano/⟨ano⟩ · not after s · 8
outcome/a/ /n/ /o/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mano | /ˈma.no/ | mão | /mɐ̃w/ | hand |
| vano | /ˈba.no/ | vão | /vɐ̃w/ | empty, vain |
| grano | /ˈgɾa.no/ | grão | /gɾɐ̃w/ | grain |
| llano | /ˈʎa.no/ | chão | /ʃɐ̃w/ | flat, plain |
| verano | /be.ˈɾa.no/ | verão | /vɨ.ˈɾɐ̃w/ | summer |
| hermano | /eɾ.ˈma.no/ | irmão | /iɾ.ˈmɐ̃w/ | brother |
| villano | /bi.ˈʎa.no/ | vilão | /vi.ˈlɐ̃w/ | serf, villain |
| cristiano | /kɾist.ˈja.no/ | cristião | /kɾiʃt.ˈjɐ̃w/ | Christian |
→ /an/⟨an⟩ · not after s · 3
outcome/a/ /n/
| Spanish | ES IPA | Portuguese | PT IPA | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| can | /kan/ | cão | /kɐ̃w/ | dog |
| pan | /pan/ | pão | /pɐ̃w/ | bread |
| tan | /tan/ | tão | /tɐ̃w/ | so (apocopated) |